Chlorous acid, naming

An interesting observation was made by Davidson and Nevell when studying the cuprammonium fluidity of oxycelluloses partially oxidized with chlorous acid, namely, that the more-easily oxidized aldehyde group contributed more to the alkali lability. This is, in fact, further evidence for the existence of the hemiacetal with a six-membered ring (113) this has a i9-alkoxycarbonyl group and, from the work of Jayme and Maris, contains the more-easily oxidized aldehyde group. 

History. Some traditional names (a selection is in [Table 1-4]) were introduced by Lavoisier. Under his system, oxoacids were given a two-word name, the second word being acid. In the first word, the endings -ous or -ic were added to the stem of the name, intended to indicate the content of oxygen, which is known today to be related to the oxidation states of the central atom. Unfortunately, these endings do not describe the same oxidation states in dilTerent families of acids. Thus sulfurous acid und sulfuric acid refer to oxidation stales IV and VI, whereas chlorous acid and chloric acid refer to oxidation states 111 and V. 

The reaction of chlorine with water illustrates a new type of reaction, one in which part of the chlorine forms one compound and part forms another, hydrochloric acid and hypo-chlorous acid. A new principle is also exemplified here, namely that of an incomplete reaction, where there exist together in equilibrium both some of the original substances and some of the products of the reaction. The reaction between chlorine and water is important because it is involved in the process of bleaching. 

When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it forms an oxoacid with the same oxidation number as the nonmetal. Give the name and formula of the oxide used to prepare each of these oxoacids (a) hypochlorous acid (b) chlorous acid (c) chloric acid (d) perchloric acid (e) sulfuric acid (f) sulfurous acid (g) nitric acid (h) nitrous acid (i) carbonic acid (j) phosphoric acid. 

The table below lists some inorganic oxoacids with both common and systematic names. The last example (hypo-chlorous acid) illustrates how to name a compound in which the central atom is oxygen. 

Name of acid Hypochlorous Chlorous Chloric 1 O Perchloric... 

The oxyanion is chlorite. The name of the acid is chlorous actd. 

---