Chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants ozone depletion

Production of hydrogen fluoride from reaction of Cap2 with sulfuric acid is the largest user of fluorspar and accounts for approximately 60—65% of total U.S. consumption. The principal uses of hydrogen fluoride are ia the manufacture of aluminum fluoride and synthetic cryoHte for the Hall aluminum process and fluoropolymers and chlorofluorocarbons that are used as refrigerants, solvents, aerosols (qv), and ia plastics. Because of the concern that chlorofluorocarbons cause upper atmosphere ozone depletion, these compounds are being replaced by hydrochlorofluorocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons. 

A leader in the refrigerants industry, we manufacture and supply customers with economical chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) replacements and non-ozone depleting hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants for automotive, home, commercial and transportation uses. In the Americas and Asia, you can find these products under the Genetron name and in Europe and the Middle East under Honeywell Refrigerants. 

In the early 1990s, chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants and propellants were largely replaced by hydrofluorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbons in order to reduce stratospheric ozone depletion. The hydrochlorofluorocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons, unlike the older chlorofluorocarbons, are unstable in the... 

It is important to know whether molecules being released in the lower atmosphere can reach the stratosphere and affect the amount of ozone in it. Certain types of air pollution give rise to radicals that catalyze ozone depletion. A radical is a chemical species that contains an odd (unpaired) electron, and it is usually formed by the rupture of a covalent bond to form a pair of neutral species. One pressing concern involves chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)—compounds of chlorine, fluorine, and carbon used as refrigerants and as propellants in some aerosol sprays. CFCs are nonreactive at sea level but can photodissociate in the stratosphere ... 

United States has been for chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant production, although these uses are being discontinued due to concerns about ozone depletion. Chloroform was once used as an anesthetic. 

With chlorofluorocarbons, CFCs, now phased out of use due to their ozone-depleting effects, traditional naphthenic and paraffinic mineral oils used in refrigeration lubricants are being replaced by polyol ester oils. The main reason for the replacement is that traditional mineral oils are immiscible with the more polar hydrofluorocarbons, HFCs, which have replaced CFCs [58]. 

Strong circumstantial evidence implicates synthetic chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)— alkanes in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by fluorine and chlorine, such as CFCI3 and CF2CI2—as a major cause of ozone depletion. These gases, known commercially as Freons , have been used extensively as cooling fluids in refrigerators and air conditioners. They were also once widely used as propellants in aerosol... 

By law, chlorofluorocarbons (cfcs) used as refrigerants in refrigerators must be removed before the appliances are discarded. This solves only part of the ozone-depletion and global-warming problem attributed to refrigerators. Why ... 

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