Chlorodioxines, determination

Webster, G.R.B., Friesen, K.J., Sarna, L.P., Muir, D.C.G. (1985) Environmental fate modelling of chlorodioxins Determination of physical constants. Chemosphere 14, 609-622. 

Webster GRB, Sama LP, Muir DCG (1983), Beitrag zum ACS National Meeting, Washington, D.C. Webster GRB, Friesen KJ, Sarna LP, Muir DCG (1985), Chemosphere 14 609-622. Environ-mental fate modelling of chlorodioxins determination of physical constants"... 

Webster, G.R.B., K.J. Friesen, L.P. Sama, andD.C.G. Muir. Environmental Fate Modelling of Chlorodioxins Determination of Physical Constants, Chemosphere, 14(6/7) 609-622 (1985). 

The objectives of the soil persistence experiments were (1) to learn the effect of soil type and concentration on the TCDD degradation rate, (2) to isolate and characterize degradation products from DCDD and TCDD, and (3) to determine whether chlorodioxins could be formed from chlorophenol condensation in the soil environment. This last study was essential since quality control at the manufacturing level could reduce or eliminate the formed dioxin impurity. But the biosynthesis of chlorodioxins by chlorophenol condensation in the soil environment could not be controlled and would have connotations for all chlorophenol-de-rived pesticides if formation did occur. The same question needed to be answered for photochemical condensation reactions leading to chloro-... 

Hengstmann et al. [225] studied five different extraction methods for the determination of chlorodioxins in soil and concluded that nearly quantitative extractions could be achieved in two hours using supersonic Soxhlet extraction. 

Recent studies have indicated that humans may be exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p- dioxin(2,3,7,8-TCDD), a toxic and teratogenic substance in laboratory animals (1). A fraction of beef fat samples from cattle known to have grazed on pasture treated with herbicide 2,4,5-T (which contains trace quantities of 2,3,7,8-TCDD) have been reported to contain low part per trillion (ppt) levels of 2,3,7,8-TCDD (2,3) Two studies of bovine milk reported no detectable chlorodioxins however (4,5). Combustion processes have been reported to produce chlorinated dioxins which enter the air as fly ash and soot (6.7.8). Three different studies of human milk have been carried out by various workers to determine if humans contain detectable concentrations of 2,3,7,8-TCDD (9,20,22). 

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