Chlorine oxoacids

Strategy In (a), note that the specie is a gas, not an arid. In (b) and (c), refer back to Table 2.3 for the name of the oxoanion. In (d), reason by analogy with chlorine oxoacids. 

Now let s consider a family of oxoacids in which the number of oxygen atoms varies, as in the chlorine oxoacids HCIO, HCI02, HCIQ3, and HCIQ4 or in the... 

Chlorous acid, HCIO2, is the only known halous acid. All the halogens except fluorine form halic and perhalic acids. The Lewis structures of the chlorine oxoacids are... 

Oxoacids of chlorine Oxoacids of bromine Oxoacids of iodine ... 

Figure 18.12 The relative strengths of oxoacids. A, Among these hypohalous acids, HOCl is the strongest and HOI the weakest Because Cl is the most electronegative of the halogens shown here, it withdraws electron density (indicated by thickness of green arrow) from the O—H bond most effectively, making that bond most polar in HOCl (indicated by the relative sizes of the 5 symbols). B, Among the chlorine oxoacids, the additional O atoms in HOCIO3 pull electron density from the O—H bond, making the bond much more polar than that in HOCl.

For oxoacids with different numbers of 0 atoms, acid strength increases with number of 0 atoms (or O.N. of central nonmetal). The electronegative O atoms pull electron density away from E, which makes the O—H bond more polar. The more O atoms present, the greater the shift in electron density, and the more easily the H+ ion comes off (Figure 18.1 IB). Therefore, the chlorine oxoacids (HOC10 , with n from 0 to 3) increase in strength with the number of O atoms (and O.N. of Cl) ... 

Oxoacids of Chlorine The halogens form a variety of oxoacids (Table 22.10). Figure 22.50 shows the structures of the chlorine oxoacids. The acidic character of these... 

Oxidation State Fluorine Oxoacids Chlorine Oxoacids Bromine Oxoacids Iodine Oxoacids General Name... 

Predict the structures and order of acid strength for the chlorine oxoacids ... 

The chlorine oxoacids all have one —OH group, and zero, one, two and three terminal oxygens, respectively. The molecules are shown in Structures Q.18-Q.21. 

Chlorous acid is the least stable of the oxoacids of chlorine it cannot be isolated but is known in dilute aqueous solution. HOBrO and HOIO are even less stable, and, if they exist at all, have only a fleeting presence in aqueous solutions. Several chlorites have been isolated and NaC102 is sufficiently stable to be manufactured as an article of commerce on the kilotonne pa scale. Little reliable information is available on bromites and still less is established for iodites which are essentially non-existent. 

The acid strengths and oxidizing abilities of the halogen oxoacids increase with the oxidation number of the halogen. The hypohalous acids, HXO (halogen oxidation number +1), are prepared by direct reaction of the halogen with water. For example, chlorine gas disproportionates in water to produce hypochlorous acid and hydrochloric acid ... 

The interhalogens have properties intermediate between those of the constituent halogens. Nonmetals form covalent halides metals tend to form ionic halides. The oxoacids of chlorine are all oxidizing agents both acidity and oxidizing strength of oxoacids increase as the oxidation number of the halogen increases. 

Klaning, U. K., K. Sehested, and T. Wolff, Ozone Formation in Laser Flash Photolysis of Oxoacids and Oxoanions of Chlorine... 

For oxoacids that contain the same atom Y but different numbers of oxygen atoms, acid strength increases as the oxidation number of Y increases. The oxidation number of Y increases, in turn, as the number of oxygen atoms increases. This effect is illustrated by the oxoacids of chlorine ... 

Oxidation State Oxoacids of the Halogens Generic Name (formula) Chlorine Bromine Iodine... 

Fluorine does not form an oxoacid the element is more electronegative than oxygen. In the chlorine, bromine and iodine compounds the halogen atom is positive in relation to the oxygen atoms, as indicated by the <5 s ... 

Note that we usually omit the prefrx mono- when there is only one H in the anion. Figure 2.12 summarizes the nomenclature for the oxoacids and oxoanions, and Table 2.6 gives the names of the oxoacids and oxoanions that contain chlorine. 

FIGURE 15.6 Lewis structures of the oxoacids of chlorine. The oxidation number of the Cl atom is shown in parentheses. For simplicity, the formal charges have been omitted. Note that although hypochlorous acid is written as HCIO, the H atom is bonded to the O atom. 

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