Chito oligomers

Haslam, S.M., Houston, KM., Harnett, W., Reason, A.J., Morris, H.R. and Dell, A. (1999) Structural studies of phosphorylcholine-substituted A-glycans of filarial parasites conservation amongst species and discovery of novel chito-oligomers. Journal of Biological Chemistry 274, 20953-20960. 

Besides the specific chitinase, chitosanase and lysozyme, chitosan could also be hydrolyzed by some nonspecific enzymes such as cellulase, protease, lipase and pepsin. The cellulase also has high activity on chitosan. Almost all the cel-lulases produced by different kinds of micro-organisms could degrade chitosan to chito-oligomers. A bifunctional cellulase-chitosanase with cellulase and chitosanase activity has also been reported [165]. 

Einarsson, J. M., J. Gislason, M. G. Peter, and S. Bahrke. 2003. Pharmaceutical composition comprising chito-oligomers. PCTInt. Appl. WO 03/026677 Primex Ehf., Iceland, 30 pp. 

Li, J., Y. Du, J. Yang, T. Feng, A. Li, and P. Chen. 2005. Preparation and characterization of low molecular weight chitosan and chito-oligomers hy a commercial enzyme. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 87 441-448. 

N-acetyl-P-D-glucosaminidase, which catalyze the total depolymerization to monomers. The monomeric aminosugars become available to the fibroblasts, which proliferate under the action of lL-1, for incorporation into chondroitin 4- and 6-sulfate, hyaluronan, and keratan sulfate, thus guiding the ordered deposition of collagen, which is also influenced by chito-oligomers. 

STAGE I Water and lysozyme permeate into the chitosan structme followed by induction of swelling. Ihe degradation starts when the lysozyme cleaves -(1 4) glycosidic bonds to produce low-MW chitosan, chito-oligomers, and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues. Ihe low-MW fragments remain in the bulk till they reach a smaller size to get dissolved in the medium. 

S.M. Haslam, K.M. Houston, W. Harnett, A.J. Reason, H.R. Morris and A. Dell, Structural studies of N-glycans of filarial parasites. Conservation of phosphorylcholine-substituted gjycans among species and discovery of novel chito-oligomers. J. Biol Chem., 1999, 274, 20953 20960. 

The forces experienced after adding 20 ppm of chito-san-E045 oligomers are quite different. Firstly, the repulsive double-layer force is significantly weaker, which is due to adsorption of cationic groups on the negatively charged surface. Secondly, at distances below lOnm, the... 

Column Chromatography - Size occlusion chromatography has been used to isolate individual JV-deacetylated chito-oligosaccharides of D.P. up to IS, and mixtures of oligomers up to D.P. 40, following cone. HQ hydrolysis of chitosan. ... 

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