Chiral beta lactam

Kayser, M.M., Drolet, M. and Stewart, J.D. (2005) Application of newly available bio-reducing agents to the synthesis of chiral hydroxy-beta-lactams model for aldose reductase selectivity. Tetrahedron Asymmetry, 16 (24), 4004-4009. 

CCCs may be companies that specialize in chiral compounds, such as Celgene, Chiroscience, and Oxford Asymmetry, or may have developed into a chiral raw material supplier to an industry other than its original main customer base [e.g., Takasago, a flavor manufacturer, who developed a catalytic route to (-)-menthol, and used related technology to make beta-lactam intermediates]. 

Examples of this kind of enantiomorphic or chiral selectivity are now being found in organic synthesis. Asymmetric synthesis, for example, has been demonstrated with stereo-controlled Michael addition in the synthesis of beta-lactams using chiral catalysts, where an acyl ligand such as acetyl is bound to cyclo-pentadiene carbonyl triphenylphosphine. Essentially complete enantiomorphic selectivity has been achieved in this Michael addition synthesis. Another case is enantio-morhic ketone reduction in ethylbenzene reduction in the ethylation of benzaldehyde. Using chiral catalysts, 97% selectivity has been achieved. Closely related research involves the making of catalytic antibodies and hybrid enzymes. ... 

Nozaki K, Li WG, Horiuchi T, Takaya H Saito T, Yoshida A, Matsumura K, Kato Y, Imai T, Miura T, Kumobayashi H. A new StereocontroUed approach to 1 beta-methylcarbapenem asymmetric hydroformylation of 4-vinyl beta-lactams catalyzed by Rh(I) complexes of chiral phosphine-phosphites and phosphine-phosphinites. J. Org. Chem. 1996 61 7658 7659. 

---