Chiari’s disease

Unclear structures can be punctured with a fine needle initially as an exploratory procedure (consistency cyst blood vessel ) before the Menghini needle is used. Reports have been written, for example, on the laparoscopic diagnosis of Budd-Chiari syndrome (190), liver abscesses (232), peliosis hepatis (236,305), FNH (204, 236), Osier s disease (306), and unclarified cholestasis. (280, 299)... 

Bayraktar, Y., Balkanci, F., Bayraktar, M., Calguneri, M. Budd-Chiari syndrome a common comphcation of Behcet s disease. Amer. J. Gastroenterol. 1997 92 858 -862... 

An increase in blood both in the sinusoids and in Disse s spaces culminates in hepatomegaly. This can be witnessed particularly in cases of right heart failure, constrictive pericarditis, veno-occlusive disease and the Budd-Chiari syndrome. Inflammation-related hyper-aemia also occurs in acute viral hepatitis. 

Veno-occlusive disease (VOD) describes the occlusion of small hepatic veins and is defined as a radicular form of the Budd-Chiari syndrome. A variety of endotheliotoxic noxae, particularly phytotoxins, are responsible for this clinical picture. In 1951 reports were simultaneously published for the first time both in South Africa (G. Selzer et al.) and Jamaica (K. R. Hill) dealing with this disease of the small venous branches, which results from chronic intoxication with pyrrolizidine alkaloids, (s. pp 548, 571) Similar morphological and clinical effects can also be caused by cytostatic agents (6-mercaptopurine, dacarbazine, thioguanine), azathioprine, contraceptives and exposure to X-rays. Since 1957, the term Stuart-Bras syndrome has also been used to describe the occlusion of the small hepatic veins, (s. p. 832)... 

The hepatic veins may be affected by xenobiotic-induced occlusion resulting from thrombosis or from proliferation starting in the intima and subsequently producing (secondary) thrombosis. An occlusion of the large hepatic veins is known as the Budd-Chiari syndrome. There are two distinct types, the truncular and the radicular form, the latter corresponding to veno-occlusive disease, (s. p. 249) Contraceptives (J.A. Ecker et al., 1966) and cytostatic agents are held responsible. Women develop this type of hepatic disease more than twice as often as men. (s. fig. 29.9)... 

Occlusion of the small hepatic veins is called veno-occlu-sive disease (VOD) (G. Bras et al., 1954 K.L. Stuart et al., 1957). It is identical to the radicular type of the Budd-Chiari syndrome, (s. p. 249) Cytostatics and azathioprine are among the alleged causal agents. (I2l, 130) Diagnosis is based on imaging techniques (ultrasound, CEDS, CT), and sometimes on liver biopsy, (s. fig. 29.10) (see chapter 39)... 

Veno-occlusive disease (VOD) is characterized by thrombosis of the central and small (sublobular) hepatic veins. It is also known as the radicular form of the Budd-Chiari syndrome or as the Stuart-Bras syndrome, (s. tab. 14.5) (75, 92, 93)... 

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