Chemo-orientation

Munoz, A. 2004. Chemo-orientation using conspecific chemical cues in the stripe-necked terrapin Mauremys leprosa). Journal of Chemical Ecobgy 30,519-530. 

Grasso, F. W., T. R. Consi, D. C. Mountain, and J. Atema. Biomimetic robot lobster performs chemo-orientation in turbulence using a pair of spatially separated sensors Progress and challenges. Robot. Auton. Syst. 30, 115-131 (2000). 

Miller, R.L. (1985). Sperm chemo-orientation in the metazoa, in Biology of Fertilization (C.B. Metz and A. Monroy, eds.), pp. 275-337. Academic Press, New York. 

There are two general categories of information available to an organism for chemo-orientation (i) Externally derived sensory information ( = allothetic, Mittelstaedt and Mittelstaedt, 1973 =exokinetic, Jander, 1970,1975), and (ii) internally-derived information, termed endokinetic if genetic or otherwise... 

Chemo-orientation in Walking Insects 95 Table 4.1 Types of external chemosensory information... 

INDIRECT CHEMO-ORIENTATION BASED ON INTERNALLY STORED INFORMATION... 

The last method for inferring instantaneous comparison and direct chemo-orientation is through statistical analysis of discrete turn angles relative to the chemical gradient. For example, the male cockroach, P. americana, turns more directly toward a sex pheromone source (in still air) within 35 cm of the source then when it is more distant from the source. Whereas the turn accuracy is the same for unilaterally antennectomized males as for intact males between 35 and 70 cm of the source, turns within 35 cm are more accurate in intact than one-antenna males (Bell and Tobin, 1981). Discrete turns up the concentration... 

Bell, W. J. and Tobin, T. R. (1981) Orientation to sex pheromone in the American cockroach analysis of chemo-orientation mechanisms. J. Insect Physiol, 27, 501-8. 

Dedicated to Prof. J. S. Kennedy in recognition of more than 40 years of contributions to innovative experimental methods and incisive analysis of insect chemo-orientation... 

This chapter follows analyses of odor dispersal (Elkinton and Card6, Chapter 3) and chemo-orientation in walking insects (Bell, Chapter 4) and refers to the definitions and concepts discussed therein. Important reviews of flying orientation to chemical sources include those of Farkas and Shorey (1974), Kennedy (1977, 1982), Kennedy et al. (1981), Bell and Tobin (1982), and the discussion of the concepts of attraction and arrestment by Kennedy (1978). 

Haas et al. (1995) found that the stimulating snail-host cues for the chemo-orientation of certain larval trematodes (i.e., echinostome cercariae) toward their hosts are small molecular amino acids, amino compounds, and peptides. 

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