Chemically purified fibers

After the filament rayon fiber has been spun and chemically purified, much of it passes through what are known as textile operations before it is ready to be knitted or woven. Because these steps of twisting and packaging or beaming are common to the manufacture of all manufactured fibers, it is advisable to review briefly the background and the processes. 

Probably because of the ease with which they can be prepared, purified fiber preparations from bovine ligamentum nuchae have formed the starting point of most chemical investigations of elastin. These preparations how-... 

Minute traces of suspended sulfur resulting from the chemical decomposition of cellulose xanthate must be removed by washing with a solution of sodium sulfide. It is expedient to bleach the newly formed fibers with hypochlorite to improve their whiteness an antichlor follows. The chemicals originally present and those used to purify the fibers must be removed by washing. As a final step, a small amount of lubricant is placed on the filaments to reduce friction and improve processibility in subsequent operations. 

Electrosorption technique, which may use the electrical potential as the 3" driving force to the traditional adsorption and ion exchange mechanism, has reversible characteristics of purifying waste solution by adsorption and concentrating contaminants by desorption. Carbon materials satisfy the basic requirements for an efficient electrode material, and have good radiation and chemical-stability. Especially activated carbon fiber (ACF), which can be easily made into a variety of types (textures or sheet), has a high specific surfece area and electrical conductivity. 

Cellulose acetates. Cellulose acetate is a well-known derivative of cellulose and has found many uses as a fiber. Acetate, diacetate, and triacetate are similar in chemical structure with acetate having about 83 percent of the hydroxyl groups acetylated, and not less than 92 percent hydroxyl groups are acetylated in triacetate. Triacetate and diacetate fibers are manufactured by the acetylation of refined wood pulp or purified cotton linters. The acetylation reaction is chemically quite simple and may be visuahzed in the following manner ... 

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