Chemical imaging , for

F. Clarke, A. Whitley, S. Mamedov, F. Adar, N. Lewis and E. Lee, A comparison of Raman and EDXRF chemical imaging for use in formulation process development and quality control, Newsletters, Raman Update (Horiba Jobin Yvon), Spring, 2005. 

As the primary ion beam can be focused to less than 1 pm, ToF-SIMS is well suited to chemical imaging. For this purpose, the beam is rastered by electrostatic fields all over the surface, and a spectrum is recorded for each point. This allows the distribution of a specific ion all over the analysed surface to be mapped, and also to access a mass spectrum... 

Near-Infrared Chemical Imaging for Product and Process Understanding... 

It is important to note that the contrast of an image alone cannot determine the authenticity of a chemical image. For example, Figure 11.2d appears to appear to be nicer (clearer and cleaner interface between different colored areas) than Figure 11.2c. However, as Figure 11.2d fails to capture the fourth component, it is further from the real characteristic of the sample than Figure 11.2c, where all components are identified. 

In MSI, a specimen is typically interrogated by a beam of light or ions called a microprobe. As a result, multiple analytes are moved from solid or liquid to gas phase, ionized, and characterized according to their mass-to-charge ratio. The microprobe is then moved to another location and the process repeated. If the microprobe is scanned across the surface at a sufficient number of regularly spaced points, chemical images for each analyte are created (Fig. 2.1). A chemical image not only presents informa-... 

Qin J, Chao K, Kim MS (2011) Investigation of Raman chemical imaging for detection of lycopene changes in tomatoes during postharvest ripening. J Food Eng 107 277-288... 

Figure 7.10 Another set of chemical images for the same photoresist specimen as Figure 7.9 over the same 6 pm wavelength range. Left panel (a) three photoresist squares measured using the Perkin-Elmer Spotlight with linear array detector and conventional thermal source. Right panel (b) one of the same photoresist squares measured using a Spectra-Tech Irps with confocal optics, single-element detector, and synchrotron infrared source. Stepsize was set to 0.5 pm.

Evans, C.L. andXie, X.S. (2008) Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy chemical imaging for biology and medicine. Annu. Rev. Anal. Chem., 1, 883-909. 

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