Charge spinless

C. Dewdney, P. R. Holland, A. Kyprianidis, and J. P. Vigier, Causal action at a distance in a relativistic system of two bound charged spinless particles Hydrogen-like models, Phys. Rev. D (Special Issue Particles and Fields) 31(10), 2533—2538 (1985). 

Bipolaron — Bipolarons are double-charged, spinless quasiparticles introduced in solid state physics [i]. A bipolaron is formed from two -> polarons (charged defects in the solid). For chemists the double-charged states mean dications or dianions, however, bipolarons are not localized sites, they alter and move together with their environment. By the help of the polaron-bipolaron model the high conductivity of -> conducting polymers can be explained. 

Another spin-dependent process peculiar to rt-con-jugated polymers is the fusion of like-charged spin 1/2 polarons to doubly charged spinless bipolarons bp++ and bp ... 

Bipolaron a bipolaron is similar to a polaron except that it is doubly charged, spinless, and both of its energy states in... 

The most interesting aspect of solitons is their charge-spin relation [ 11. Chaiged solitons are spinless, while neutral solitons have spin 1/2. This property provided a natural explanation for the fact that in doped /rrm.v-polyacctylenc the electrical... 

It is well known that the exact electronic energy can also be given explicitly in terms of the spinless 1-RDM and the two-particle charge density (2-CD). This suggests an alternative viewpoint regarding D-functional theory. One could employ the exact functional but with an approximate 2-CD that is built from... 

We consider the rotation of a gas composed of spinless charged particles. We define... 

Fig. 4.2 A short segment of t rans -polyacetylene is shown with an abrupt (idealized) reversal of the bond alternation pattern (see text). Top- a neutral soliton with an unpaired spin and an energy state near the middle of the electron energy gap. Middle the addition of an electron results in the formation of a spinless negatively charged soliton. Bottom the extraction of an electron from the top results in the formation of a spinless positive soliton. The optical transitions associated with the charged solitons are indicated as arrows on the right.

However, the theory of exciplex dissociation cannot be made spinless like that for photoacids (Section V.D). The dissociation products are radical ions and the spin conversion in RIPs essentially affects

other quantities listed in Eq. (3.589). To illustrate this phenomenon, let us concentrate on the fluorescence yield, which is affected through %E(ks) and the charge separation quantum yield cp(cr). We will consider the general solution obtained for these two quantities in Ref. 31 only in the simplest case of highly polar solvents for which the Green functions are well known. 

In contrast to the study of the Lamb shift and hyperfme structure, it is possible to perform experiments on the g factor of the bound electron in different hydrogen-like ions with about the same accuracy. The experiment [1] is now in progress and some other hydrogen-like ions can be measured soon. This provides a possibility to learn about the bound g factor as a function of the nuclear charge Z and the nuclear mass number A. The ions under study [1] must have spinless nuclei and so they have the most simple level scheme. 

---