Charge-quadrupole interactions

Curves plotted for AH° conv. hyd. and ionic radii given in Tables 5 and 6, and in col. 2 of Table 1 are shown in Fig. 4 for both alkali cations and halide anions. The uncertainty in the thermochemical data is taken as 0.5 kcal and the uncertainty in ionic radii is based on deviations from additivity of r0 values. From these curves A(AH° conv. hyd.) can be estimated and in Fig. 5 these values halved are plotted against (R- -a) 3. This curve becomes linear for large (i a)-3 values and this supports the use of the model based on charge-quadrupole interactions and assumptions concerning differences in kinetic contributions to the internal energy (39). 

M possesses a nonzero dipole moment, g. [If M has no dipole moment but a nonzero quadrupole moment, Q, then the asymptotic form of the potential is a charge-quadrupole interaction, V(r) -Q/r. ] The M -l-e potential well in Figure 4(a) is much shallower than that for M" " -l-e, consistent with the observation that IPs for neutral atoms and molecules are large compared to EAs. As such, the anion typically possesses few (if any) bound Rydberg states. ... 

Y2Ba4Cu7025 Nuclear quadrupole interaction at copper sites, EFG tensor at all sites is calculated using the point charge model, conclusion that holes in the Y2Ba4Cu70i5 lattice are localized predominantly at positions of chain oxygen... 

Accounting for the instantaneous higher moments of the charge distributions of the atoms leads to an inverse eighth-power functional form (dipole-quadrupole interactions). The bulk dispersive potential is represented as shown by Mayer (1933) ... 

HypB protein, 47 289 HypC protein, 47 289 Hyperfine coupling, 13 149-178 anisotropic, 13 150-161 Hyperfine coupling anisotropic dipolar, 13 150-154 nuclear Zeeman interaction, 13 155 quadrupole interaction, 13 154, 155 factors affecting magnitude of metal influence of charge on metal, 13 169-170 isotropic and anisotropic, 13 166-170 libration, 13 170... 

In bulk silicon, each silicon atom is bonded covalently to four other silicon atoms, with a sp3 configuration. The large number of symmetry operations leaving the silicon atomic sites invariant, coupled with the fact that only one kind of atom make this solid imposes the Bom effective charge to vanish. So, a dipole will not be created when a silicon atom is displaced. A quadrupole can appear, but the quadrupole-quadrupole interaction, with an average 1/d5 decay, can be considered short-range for the present study. 

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