Cesium adsorption properties

Physicochemical properties of L zeolites and of clinoptilolite were studied by adsorption, chromatographic, spectral, and ther-mogravimetric methods. The sodium form of L zeolite is characterized by better adsorption with respect to water and benzene vapor and by higher retention volumes of C C hydrocarbons and CO than potassium and cesium forms. The activation energy of dehydration determined by the thermogravimetric method decreases on going from the sodium to cesium form of L zeolite. When calcium is replaced by potassium ions in clinoptilolite, the latter shows a decreased adsorption with respect to water vapor. The infrared spectra of the L zeolite at different levels of hydration show the existence of several types of water with different bond characters and arrangements in the lattice. 

The second form of precipitation cannot be understood from the thermodynamic properties of the solution the solution is undersaturated, even so, precipitation takes place on the surface. This process is called surface precipitation. In this case there are three possibilities. One of them is when the precipitate is formed in a monomolecular layer. The second possibility is coprecipitation, when a component in low concentration coprecipitates with another component in high concentration if it can be built into the crystal lattice (Section 1.2.4). In this case, the thickness can be higher than that in the monolayer. For example, cesium ions in very low concentration coprecipitate with iron and magnesium containing carbonates (Konya et al. 2005 Chapter 3, Section 3.1.2). These types of surface precipitation can quantitatively be described by the adsorption equations (Section 1.3.4.1). 

Smit B, Siepmarm JI (1994) Simulating the adsorption of alkanes in zeolites. Science 264 1118-1120 Smith DE (1998) Molecular computer simulations of the swelling properties and interlayer sturctuie of cesium montmorillonite. Langmuir 14 5959-5967... 

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