Ceratodictyon spongiosum

The structures of the natural products, ceratospongamides from marine red alga (Rhodophyta) Ceratodictyon spongiosum, which each consist of two L-phenylalanine residues, one (L-isoleucine)-methyloxazoline residue, one L-proline residue, and one (L-proline)thiazole residue, were established through extensive NMR experiments, including heteronuclear multiple quantum correlation total correlated spectroscopy (HMQC-TOCSY), and... 

Tan, L.T. et al. (2000) Cis,cis- and trans,trans-ceratospongamide, new bioactive cyclic hep-tapeptides from the Indonesian red alga Ceratodictyon spongiosum and symbiotic sponge Sigmadocia symbiotica. J. Org. Chem. 65,419-425... 

The species Rhodymenia palmata is consumed imder the name dulse because it is rich in protein (about 40% of dry weight) and vitamins however, apart from the oxy-lipins mentioned earlier, there are very few publications on the secondary metabolites of Rhodymeniales. Among these, the identification of 3-formylindole in the species Botryodadia leptopoda is noteworthy because this derivative could come from /5-indole acetic add (lAA, auxin), an important plant growth hormone (Bano et al., 1986). More recently, p-sulfo-oxyphenylpyruvic add has been identified in Ceratodictyon spongiosum harvested in the Philippines. This acid, which exists mainly in the enolic form, is isolated mixed with p-hydroxyphenylpyruvic add (Bugni et al, 2002). 

Bugni, T.S., Conception, G.P., Mangalindan, G.C., Harper, M.K., James, R.D., and Ireland, C.M. (2002) p-Sulfooxyphenylpyruvic acid from the red macro alga Ceratodictyon spongiosum and its sponge symbiont Haliclona cymaeformis. Phytochemistry, 60, 361-363. 

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