Ceramides distribution

P., 1996, Opposite effects of tumor necrosis factor a on the sphingomyehn-ceramide pathway in two myeloid leukemia ceU hues Role of transverse sphingomyelin distribution in the plasma membrane. Blood 88 1465-1472. 

Besides the choice of monomers and solvent, the ratio of template molecule to functional monomer not only affects the imprinting effect [174] but also the morphology of MIP monoliths. Several authors have observed differences in the monolith structure (polymer morphology, pore size distribution, flow characteristics) between the non-imprinted control polymer and the MIP, derived from the presence of the template [158,175]. For example, an MIP imprinted with ceramide III was compared... 

Fig. 4.5. Sphingomyelin synthesis in Hymenolepis diminuta distribution of label in various intermediates, separated by thin-layer chromatography, after incubation with cytidine-5 -diphospho [methyl-13C]choline. The position of the lipid standards is indicated by the arrows, (a) sphingomyelin (b) dihydrosphingosine (c) sphingosine (d) ketosphingosine (e) ceramide. The origin is at band O. d.p.m., disintegrations/min. (After Bankov Barrett, 1985.)...

In Fig. 10 the change in phase behavior of these ceramide models can be appreciated as a function of temperamre and pH. The first moment of the distribution is shown on the y-axis and corresponds to the relative... 

With bilayer lipid membranes it is not possible to achieve a fully asymmetric arrangement of head groups or chains. There is no apparent reason why all the molecules of two independent layers should only concentrate in one layer. Nevertheless, a little asymmetric distribution is found in vesicles made of lipid mixtures. Cerebroside sulfate, an anionic monoglycosyl ceramide was, for example, added exclusively to the outer surface of a performed DPPC vesicle (see Scheme 2.2) which was quantitized by the metachromatic effect of acridine orange. 

Simon, G. and G. Rouser. 1967. Phospholipids of the sea anemone Quantitative distribution absence of carbon-phosphorus linkages in glycerol phospholipids structural elucidation of ceramide aminoethylphophonate. Lipids 2 55. 

Fig. 5.3 Schematic drawing of the effects of SMase on lipid bilayers. In a bllayer containing both sphingomyelin and glycerophospholl-pids, sphingomyelin will be In the fluid state [119]. After SMase action, ceramides are still mixed with the glycerophospholipids, but the bilayer is in a metastable state. Even if SMase is acting only on one side of the bilayer, ceramide flip-flop tends to distribute ceramide molecules more or less evenly across the...

Laviad, E.L., Albee, L., Pankova-Khohnyansky, I., Epstein, S., Park, H., Merrill, A.H., Jr., and Futerman, A.H. Characterization of ceramide synthase 2 Tissue distribution, substrate specificity and inhibition by sphingosine 1-phosphate. J Biol Chem, 283, 2008, 5677-5684. 

Table 2 - Relative distribution of fatty acid chain lengths of the ceramide monohexoside fractions CMH-Coh and CMH-Cn from T. cruzi as calculated from the (M + H - 60) ions of the peracetylated compounds. 

Analysis of the glycosphingolipids in a mucosal scraping of human small intestine showed a peculiar distribution pattern. Glycolipids with one monosaccharide group (D-galactosyl- and D-glucosyl-ceramide) and those with more... 

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