Central oxygen sensor

An example of this problem is shown in Fig. 5.27, where the transitionmode closed-loop control of central oxygen partial pressure is performed by adjusting the discharge power. The graph shows that the central oxygen partial pressure is kept constant with high accuracy. Additional A-sensors have been used to monitor the top and the bottom O2 partial pressure. These pressures vary for the two consecutive runs by several millipascal. As a consequence, the films are neither homogeneous nor reproducible. 

Sensors based on platinum are used in temperature measurement because of the substantial change of electrical resistivity with temperature. CO detectors are common safety features in homes and industrial buildings. Oxygen sensors, known as Lambda or Exhaust Gas Oxygen (EGO) sensors, use platinum and are a central component of the engine control system in a catalyst-equipped vehicle. 

Oxygen sensors ofthe peripheral and central nervous systems... 

Oxygen Sensors of the Peripheral and Central Nervous Systems. 271... 

Point defects play a central role in the use of zirconia ceramics in such applications as oxygen sensors and fuel cells. As a result, point defects in these materials have been extensively studied. 

The oxygen sensors, which are central function systems for the automobile exhaust gas purification system, are only used at the stoichiometric point for the three-way catalyst. In order to improve the fuel economy, it needs the combustion control in the lean burn region. Therefore, the sensor is required to have output controlling at the air/fuel ratio in the lean burn region. 

Chapter 33, by Haddad, presents evidence for multiple oxygen sensors in the central neurons, which participate in acute as well as chronic responses to hypoxia in a variety of species including Drosophila and mammals. He states that acute responses to oxygen deprivation involve K efflux and Na influx, whereas chronic responses involve protein alteration in plasma membrane, cytosol, and mitochondria. The effects of hypoxia on central neurons described by Haddad are reminiscent of that described in the carotid body. Haddad concludes that there are multiple oxygen sensors in the central nervous system. 

In addition to the potential for adaptations in the eentral oxygen sensors during chronic sustained hypoxia, it is likely that adaptations occur in these central cardiorespiratory oxygen sensors during chronic intermittent hypoxia as well. Of particular interest is understanding what the impact of chronic intermittent hypoxia is on the cardiorespiratory responses and the particular adaptive or maladaptive changes in the cellular processing of the hypoxic stimulus (128-130). For example, how much of the clinical sequalae associated with OSA can be attributed to the responses to hypoxia ... 

Many different types of sensory receptors are located throughout the body. These receptors monitor the status of the internal environment or that of the surroundings. Sensory receptors are sensitive to specific types of stimuli and measure the value of a physiological variable. For example, arterial baroreceptors measure blood pressure and chemoreceptors measure the oxygen and carbon dioxide content of the blood. The information detected by these sensors then travels by way of afferent neuronal pathways to the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS is the integrative portion of the nervous system and consists of the (1) brain and the (2) spinal cord. 

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