Centers for Epidemiologic Studies

Chan, K.S., Orlando, M., Ghosh-Dastidar, B., Duan, N. and Sheiboume, C.D. 2004. The interview mode effect on the Center for Epidemiology Studies Depression (CES-D) scale An item response theory analysis. Medical Care, 42, 281-9. 

Initiatives by medical researchers, by DES Action, and by the Public Citizen s Health Research Group secured funding in the USA for medical research on the prevalence of cancer and other effects in the young women who had been exposed in utero, and eventually also the men. The US National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) has been one of the centers for toxicological studies of the effects of diethylstilbestrol. A substantial amount of research on the effects of diethylstilbestrol— animal experiments as well as epidemiological studies— has produced a valuable body of knowledge about how hormones affect the development of the fetus and prime the individual for disease later in life. 

Gilliland F Univ of New Mexico Albuquerque,NM Improved exposure assessment using °Pb measurements for epidemiological study NIH, Natl Center For Res Resources... 

The Center for Disease Control and Prevention conducted a randomized epidemiological study on patients who had received morphine nerve paste post-operatively for pain management purposes. Ninety-four percent of the patients used in the cohort presented themselves with surgical-site comphcations such as edema and inflammation 24 days (median) post-operation. Upon culturing of the wounds, 64% tested positive for bacterial infection. It is important to note that aU of the patients were found to have residual morphine paste on board indicative of a chronic morphine state (Sacerdote et al. 2000). 

Spores may be transferred from soil and plants to the sea via rainwater, causing the prevalence in coastal waters of the same C. botulinum types as on the land. Such a correlation was observed in Great Britain, where the type B predominates both in soil and in bottom sediments. Similarly, 71% of fish and bottom-sediment samples collected in southern France were contaminated with type B, while C. botulinum type E was found only in 9.6% of samples (Each et al., 2002). However, it is commonly believed that non-proteolytic type E is characteristic for the marine environment. A distinguishing feature of type E strains is the ability to grow in low temperatures (about 3°C), which are typical for bottom layers of seas and oceans. Moreover, the bottom sediments provide anaerobic conditions for the outgrowth of Clostridium. Therefore, the marine environment promotes C. botulinum type E distribution. This has been further supported by the rate of fish and seafood contamination fish and seafood isolated in many countries are most frequently contaminated with C. botulinum type E (Dodds, 1993 a,b). Furthermore, epidemiological studies have shown that the majority of botulism cases linked to fish and seafood consumption reported between 1950 and 1996 in the U.S. were caused by C. botulinum type E (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1998). C. botulinum type F,... 

DDT is currently (FY 1985) under test for chronic toxicity at Northwestern University and is scheduled for future epidemiologic study at the Center for Environmental Health (ref. 89). 

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (1992). Principles of epidemiology, 2nd ed. (Self-Study Course SS3030). Washington, DC American Public Health Association. 

On November 18-20, 1998, a workshop on Scientific Issues Relevant to the Assessment of Health Effects from Exposure to Methylmercury was conducted in Raleigh, North Carolina. The workshop was jointly sponsored by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), and ATSDR. The purpose of this workshop was to discuss and evaluate the major epidemiologic studies that associated methylmercury exposure and the results of an array of developmental measures in children. These studies monitored and evaluated exposed populations in Iraq, the Seychelles Islands, the Faroe Islands, and the Amazon River Basin. A number of animal studies were also considered in support of a human health risk assessment. 

First, in most of the large-scale clinical and epidemiological studies that established the (1) relationships between lipids, lipoproteins, (2) risk for CHD, and (3) efficacy of cholesterol lowermg, the measurements were made in standardized laboratories in which the accuracy of the measurements was traceable to CDC reference methods. This included studies such as the National Diet Heart Study in the 1960s, the various LRC program studies (early 1970s to 1990), Specialized Centers of Research in Atherosclerosis (early 1970s to present), and several NHANES studies conducted between 1960 and 1994, ... 

Philen R Dicker R (2000) TOS (toxic oil syndrome) an epidemic of mass proportions in Spain, 1981. United States Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health (Case Studies in Applied Epidemiology No. 002-800 http //iier.isciii.es/ea/pdf/ ea tos1.htm accessed 1 May 2005). 

Governmental, and Industrial Sectors in the United States, 1974. Charleston, S.C. Epidemiological Studies Program Center, Report for Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Program Contract 68-01-1950, June, 1977. (Data used to compile Table 3.2.)... 

Colorado Department of Health, Division of Disease Control and Environmental Epidemiology, University of Colorado at Denver, Center for Environmental Sciences, and Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Leadville Metals Exposure Study. Denver State of Colorado, April 1990. 

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