Centers of origin

Entstehungs-art, -weise, /. mode of origin, -moment, n. moment of formation, -zen-tnun, n. center of origin, -zustand, m. nas-centstate embryonic state. 

In spite of many offers from universities, Scheele never exchanged the practice of pharmacy for an academic career. The pharmacies of his day were quiet centers of original research, and as Scheele himself once said to Assessor Gahn, "... To explain new phenomena, that is my task and how happy is the scientist when he finds what he so diligently sought, a pleasure that gladdens the heart (28). 

The optimum synthesis of enzymatic biodiesel was determined by the ridge max analysis (SAS, 1990). The method of ridge analysis computes the estimated ridge of maximum response for increasing radii from the center of original design. The ridge max analysis (Table 9.6) indicated that maximum molar conversion was 99.4 4.6% at 12.4h, 38.0°C, 42.3% enzyme amount, 3.5 1 substrate molar ratio, and 7.2% added water content at the distance of the coded radius 0.8. 

The center of origin of soybean is considered to be China. They are described in the book Materia Medica She-non written over 5000 years ago.2 It is referred to as tchouan in the Chinese dictionary of Sui Sham. The dictionary of Kouan-gia, which dates to the beginning of the Christian Era, refers to it as ta-teou... 

Paleontology of the past is revived in molecular systematics of the present, in its search for ancestors and centers of origin. The revival ignores, or retreats from, the cladistic reform of paleontology of the 1970s, with historical roots in the work of Louis Dollo (1857-1931) and fossil Inngfishes. The subsequent development of cladistics has been arrested, too, by compnter implementations of character optimization and the ideology of total evidence, which reflects a phenetic rather than cladistic objective the overall similarity of synapomorphy. 

From this viewpoint, the search for ancestors is realized in imagination, where Jurassic Park comes alive. The evidence (the pathway to the park) is paraphyly, or if you prefer, symplesiomorphy. Deceased in 1930 (Abel, 1931a), Matthew would have thrilled to hear the news (from his own department, too) and to learn where birds have their geographic center of origin, where their ancestors must once have lived — their own little Garden of Eden, hypothesis though it be — whence birds have dispersed over the surface of the earth. 

Other data dropped, or optimized, to nodes are geographic, and their revelation — what is reified — is the ancestral place, or evolutionary center of origin. Figure 6.3 specifies the minimal evidence, twice the minimal, and thrice the minimal to resolve a center of origin in Asia, not in North America or elsewhere, for, let us say, birds — where a real Jurassic Park might have been located. 

Center of origin Panbiogeography Phylogenetic biogeography Ancestral areas Cladistic biogeography... 

Bremer, K., Ancestral areas a cladistic reinterpretation of the center of origin concept, Syst. Biol., 41, 436-445, 1992. 

Croizat, L., Nelson, G., and Rosen, D.E., Centers of origin and related concepts, Syst. Zool, 23, 265-287, 1974. 

Form, Time, Space Centers of Origin and Dispersal Biogeography... 

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