Cellulose and Related Materials

The de novo synthesis of fatty acids in the mammary gland utilizes mainly acetate and some (3-hydroxybutyrate. These precursors arise from the microbial fermentation of cellulose and related materials in the rumen. Once in the mammary gland, acetate is activated to acetyl-CoA. The mechanism of fatty acid synthesis essentially involves the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, which is then used in a step-wise chain elongation process. This leads to a series of short-chain and medium-chain length fatty acids, which differ by two CH2 groups (e.g., 4 0, 6 0, 8 0, etc.) (Hawke and Taylor, 1995). These are straight-chain, even-numbered carbon fatty acids. However, if a precursor such as propionate, valerate or isobutyrate, rather than acetate, is used, branched-chain or odd-numbered carbon fatty acids are synthesised (Jenkins, 1993 see Chapter 2). 

K. Selby, in Advances in Enzymic Hydrolysis of Cellulose and Related Materials, E. T. Reese, ed., Pergamon Press Ltd., Oxford, 1963. 

Sui RGH (1951) Microbial decomposition of cellulose. Reinhold, New York Cowlind EB (1963) In Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and related materials. Reese EW (ed). Macmillan, New York... 

In dietaries particularly high in fibrous material, these facts must be given careful consideration in all quantitative determinations of nutritional value 69). Thus, the value that cellulose and related materials might have in human nutrition is concerned with their effect simply as bulk, which may be desirable in some instances 70). 

Butte, W. A Kohn, E. M. and Scheibel, E. G. "Highway Binder Materials from Cellulose and Related Wastes" Report FHWA/RD-80/031, May 1980 ... 

Material Functionalization of Cellulose and Related Polysaccharides via Diverse Microcompositions... 

Abstract This review surveys advances in current studies of a variety of polymer compositional materials based on cellulose and related polysaccharides, the major studies being directed toward elaborate designs of environmentally conformable and/or biocompatible... 

As a functional development towards advanced materials, the design of magnetic nanocomposites based on cellulose and related polysaccharides has at-... 

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