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Pubchem BioAssay Search bioassay records using terms from the bioassay descripbon, for example "cancer cell line". Links to active compounds and bioassay results are provided. 

D has been active in many different short-term genetic assays, including DNA damage and repair, mutations in yeast and human cells, sex-linked recessive mutations in fruit flies, and chromosome aberrations in vitro. 

The zinc rod and the copper rod are termed electrodes. If the half-cells are left in isolation, a state of equilibrium is reached and no further reaction takes place. However, when the electrodes of each half-cell are linked externally by means of a wire and the cells are separated by a porous partition, the electrons which would have collected previously on the zinc electrode are now free to travel along the external wire to the copper electrode. 

Figure 12.10 shows a small section of a two-dimensional lattice and its dual lij is the length of the link between sites i and j, while lij is the border length of their dual cells. More generally, in n-dimensions, bj is the volume of the (n - 1)-dimensional surface in the dual lattice. In terms of these variables, Lee defines the weights Xij to be equal to... 

A lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is any compound consisting of covalently linked lipids and polysaccharides. The term is used more frequently to denote a cell wall component from Gram-negative bacteria. LPS has endotoxin activities and is a polyclonal stimulator of B-lymphocytes. 

It is clear that an appreciation of chemical stationary systems with respect to (1), (2) and (5) is virtually complete as explained above in terms of thermodynamic variables, although the analysis of cells is not, since the equations linking the functional variables are missing. Even if we are sure that the variables are known, we do not know their functional connections. 

In erythrocytes and most other cells, the major structural link of plasma membranes to the cytoskeleton is mediated by interactions between ankyrin and various integral membrane proteins, including Cf/HCOj antiporters, sodium ion pumps and voltage-dependent sodium ion channels. Ankyrin also binds to the =100 nm, rod-shaped, antiparallel a(3 heterodimers of spectrin and thus secures the cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane. Spectrin dimers self-associate to form tetramers and further to form a polygonal network parallel to the plasma membrane (Fig. 2-9D). Neurons contain both spectrin I, also termed erythroid spectrin, and spectrin II, also termed fodrin. Spectrin II is found throughout neurons, including axons, and binds to microtubules, whereas spectrin I occurs only in the soma and dendrites. 

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