Cell, biology field effects

Berg, H. Bioelectrochemical Field Effects Electrostimulation of Biological Cells by Low Frequencies 24... 

Table VI summarizes observed manifestations of field-generated forces- The field effects may manifest themselves as an orientation of particles in the direction of the field or perpendicular to it or, "pearl chain" formation, i.e., the alignment of particles in the field direction may occur. This has long been considered a mysterious demonstration of microwave induced biological effects. Deformation or destruction of cells can be achieved with fields. The movement of cells in inhomogeneous electrical fields can be affected.

Adey, W. R. Long-range electromagnetic field interactions at brain cell surfaces. In "Magnetic Field Effect on Biological Systems" T. Tenforde, Ed. Plenum Press New York, 1979 pp. 57-78. 

Studies of electrochemical reactions of redox proteins have attracted widespread interest and attention. Such studies can yield important information about not only intrinsic thermodynamic and kinetic properties of redox proteins, but also structural properties, such as binding characteristics of proteins at specific types of electrode surfaces and the orientational requirements for electron transfer between the protein and the electrode. The results are useful for the development of biosensors, biofuel cells, and biocatalysts. In addition, the information obtained from these studies can contribute to an understanding of the physiological implications of biological electron transfer reactions, because many electron transfer proteins are located at, or close to, charged membranes and are thus subject to large electric field effects that are similar to those near an electrode surface. 

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