Cebus monkey

J (1986) Effect of long-term feeding of soy-based diets on the pancreas of Cebus monkeys. Adv Exp Med Biol. 199 223-37. 

Most species have low plasma levels and low renal excretion of uric acid and thus are poor models for the human. There are two exceptions, however the Dalmatian dog and the Cebus monkey. 

The Cebus monkey is described not to possess uricase (Simkin 1971) and to have different metabolic conditions for uric acid than other experimental animals. This species is chosen for special studies of anti-uricopathic drugs since it resembles more closely human uric acid metabolism. 

Fasted Cebus monkeys (Cebus albifrons) of either sex weighing 3.0 to 5.0 kg are used. On the morning of the experiment, the animals receive 20 ml/kg drinking water by gavage, followed by oral administration of the test compound. Allopurinol and probenecid are used as control compounds. Control animals receive water only. The animals are placed in individual metabolism cages and the spontaneously voided urine is collected after 2, 6, and 24 h. After 2 and 6 h, an additional 4 ml/kg water is given by gavage. From a cubital vein blood is withdrawn prior to the experiment and 2, 6 and 24 h after application. 

Onuma et al. (1988) used Cebus monkeys for evaluation of uricosuric effects of an aryloxyacetic derivative. Yonetani et al. (1987) performed clearance experiments with uricosuric drugs in anesthetized chimpanzees. Dan et al. (1989) tested the activity of AA-193, an uricosuric agent in rats, mice and Cebus monkeys. 

Dalmatian dogs bred by commercial breeders are not always homozygous. Therefore, not every dog is suitable for experiments on uric acid excretion. The use of the Cebus monkey as animal model has been proven to be... 

Fanelli GM, Bohn D, Stafford SH (1970) Functional characteristics of renal urate transport in the Cebus monkey. Am J Physiol 218 627-636... 

Ausman, L. M, GaJlina, D., Hayes, K. C-, and Hegsted, D-1 4. (1986). Comparative assessment of soy and milk protein quality in infant Cebus monkeys. Am- - Ctin. Nutr. 43, 112-127. 

May DG, Weiner IM.The renal mechanisms for the excretion of m-hydroxybenzoic acid in cebus monkeys relationship to urate transport. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1971 176 407-417. 

A few nitrothiophenes have been shown to possess marked schistosomicidal activity, though weaker than nitrofurans or nitrothiazoles. Of these, compounds 9 and 10 exhibited potent activity. Compound 9, which bears a close resemblance with furapyrimidone, caused 100% elimination of S. mansoni from mice at a dose of 250 mg/kg [19], while 10 was found to be active against S. mansoni, S. japoniaim and S. haematobium infections in experimental animals and also proved to be less toxic in dogs and cebus monkeys [20a]. Alaimo and Hatton [20b] have prepared a... 

Compound Sidman edsq (mg/kgpo) Haloperidol-Sensitized Squirrel Monkey Haloperidol-Sensitized Cebus Monkeys ... 

Studies in rodents and nonhuman primates indicate that oral intake of high doses of manganese can lead to biochemical and behavioral changes indicative of nervous system effects (Bonilla and Prasad 1986 Chandra 1983 Gupta et al. 1980 Kristensson et al. 1986 Lai et al. 1984 Nachtman et al. 1986), and this is supported by intravenous studies in monkeys (Newland and Weiss 1992). Rodents do not appear to be as susceptible to manganese neurotoxicity as humans however, a study by Newland and Weiss (1992) indicates that Cebus monkeys would be a reasonable animal model. Further studies in animals may help determine the basis for the apparent differences in route and species susceptibility. 

In the rat, the Cebus monkey, and the mongrel dog it was shown that, along the proximal convoluted tubule, the reabsorptive movement is opposed by a secretory transport. In the dog (Roch-Ramel et al., 1976a) and in the Cebus monkey (Roch-Ramel and Weiner, 1975) the evidence is indirect, based on the decrease of urate delivery when pyrazinoic acid is given. 

The mechanisms involved in urate reabsorption are not well known. The reabsorptive mechanism in at least a few species represents active transport urate may be reabsorbed from tubular fluid of the Cebus monkey when the concentration of urate is smaller than in the plasma and smaller than that predicted by the transepithelial electrical potential difference at equilibrium. Furthermore, in man and the chimpanzee, the concentration of urate in urine becomes smaller than that in the plasma when the secretion of urate is inhibited by the administration of pyrazinoic or pyrazinamide (Roch-Ramel and Weiner, 1980, review). 

More is known about the competition of foreign substances, such as pra-aminohippurate (PAH) and pyrazinoic acid for urate transport. In man the excretion of urate is not decreased by the administration of PAH whereas pyrazinoic acid has a clear-cut effect (Boner and Steele, 1973, Steele and Rieselbach, 1967). In the Cebus monkey pyrazinoic acid also inhibits the secretion of urate, whereas PAH does not. The same is true for the rat. In other species, such as the pig and the rabbit, PAH is a good inhibitor of secretion whereas pyrazinoic acid is not (Simmonds et al., 1976, Schali and Roch-Ramel, 1980b). Thus the systems involved in urate excretion do not appear to be identical in all mammalian species (Weiner, 1979, Roch-Ramel and Weiner, 1980, for review). 

Roch-Ramel, F., D. de Rougemont, G. Peters, I.M. Weiner Micropuncture study of urate excretion by the kidney of the rat, the Cebus monkey and the rabbit. In S. Silbernagl, F. Lang, R. Greger (eds.). Amino Acid Transport and Uric Acid Transport. Symposium Innsbruck, June 1975. Stuttgart Thieme, 1976b, p. 188-192. 

Roch-Ramel, F., D. Diezi-Chomety, L. Roth, I.M. Weiner A micropuncture study of urate excretion by Cebus monkeys employing high performance liquid chromatography with amperometric detection of urate. Pfluegers Arch. 383 203-207 (1980a). 

The net secretion observed in the rat proximal tubules contrasts with the net reabsorption reported in those of the Cebus monkey ), where the mean proximal /PuTste TF/P ir yiipj was 0.62 0.05 (n=20). 

Fig. 3. Growth response of infant cebus monkeys to different amounts of lactalbumin (data from Fig. 1) expressed as intake per unit weight.

Bergeron RJ, Streiff RR, Creary EA, Daniels RD Jr, King W, Luchetta G, Wiegand J, Moerker T, Peter HH (1993) A comparative study of the iron-clearing properties of desferrithiocin analogues with desferrioxamine B in a Cebus monkey model. Blood 81 2166-2173... 

Wissler, R.W., Frazier, L.E., Hughes, R.H. and Rasmussen, R.A. Atherogenesis in the Cebus monkey. I. A comparison of three food fats under controlled dietary conditions. 

The outstanding compound to show schistosomicidal activity in a series of 5-aniinoquinolines was RD 12,80 [6-chloro-5-(2-diethylamino-ethyleunino )-8-methylq.uinoline ] (XXIl).° Against mansoni in mice the compound was active at 30 mg/kg. RD 12,869 was reported to be effective in Cebus monkeys as well as in mice against mansoni, but ineffective... 

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