CDC Case Definition

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has not published a specific case definition for intoxication by carbamates. However, the case definition for nerve agents and organophosphates states 

---

CDC Case Definition (1) A case in which saxitoxin in urine is detected or (2) detection of saxitoxin in ingested compounds or seafood. 

CDC Case Definition Acute onset of hypertonia and/or painful muscular contractions (usually of the muscles of the jaw and neck) and generalized muscle spasms without other apparent medical cause. 

CDC Case Definition A clinically compatible case with (1) detection of urinary ricinine, an alkaloid in the castor bean plant or (2) detection of ricin in environmental samples. The case can be confirmed if laboratory testing is not performed because either a predominant amount of clinical and nonspecific laboratory evidence is present or an absolute certainty of the etiology of the agent is known. 

CDC Case Definition An illness characterized by acute or insidious onset of fever, night sweats, undue fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, headache, and arthralgia. Laboratory criteria for diagnosis is (1) isolation of Brucella species from a clinical specimen or (2) fourfold or greater rise in Brucella agglutination titer between acute- and convalescent-phase serum specimens obtained >2 weeks apart and studied at the same laboratory or (3) demonstration by immunofluorescence of Brucella species in a clinical specimen. 

CDC Case Definition An illness caused by S. typhi that is often characterized by insidious onset of sustained fever, headache, malaise, anorexia, relative bradycardia, constipation or diarrhea, and nonproductive cough. However, many mild and atypical infections occur. Carriage of S. typhi may be prolonged. Laboratory criteria for diagnosis is isolation of S. typhi from blood, stool, or other clinical specimen. 

CDC Case Definition An illness of variable severity characterized by diarrhea, fever, nausea, cramps, and tenesmus. Asymptomatic infections may occur. Laboratory criteria for diagnosis is isolation of Shigella from a clinical specimen. 

---