Cavity region

The paper by Davies et al. (2006) reports results of a numerical investigation of the laminar, periodically repeating flow in a parallel-plate micro-channel with superhydrophobic walls. In particular, the influence of the Reynolds number and the vapor cavity size on the overall flow dynamics was explored. A schematic of the near-wall and cavity regions is shown in Fig. 3.18. 

Fig. 3.18 Schematic of the near-wall and cavity regions for liquid flow over a superhydrophobic surface exhibiting micro-rib structures and flow perpendicular to the ribs...

Pu and Pm may be related to their low solubility at these pH s as well as to low leaching rates from the fused debris. The values for °Sr and Cs appear to be significantly lower in the chimney than in the cavity region, perhaps reflecting their movement from the cavity as the gaseous species °Kr and Xe and subsequent adsorption on the surface of the alluvium rather than in the fused debris in the cavity region. 

The PCM Method. Accurate ab initio calculation of solvent effects requires use of a molecular shape more realistic than spherical or ellipsoidal shapes. In the polarizable-continuum model (PCM) of Miertus, Scrocco, and Tomasi, each atomic nucleus in the solute molecule M is surrounded by a sphere of radius 1.2 times the van der Waals radius of that atom. The cavity region is taken as the volume occupied by these overlapping atomic spheres. (Recall the van der Waals molecular surface— Section 15.8.)... 

Figure 4.46. Schemafic diagram of SEC reflection cell with Dove prism window. Slice through center of cell viewed from top is shown. Expanded view of thin-layer cavity region also appears. Reprinted, by permission, from C. Korzeniewski and M. W. Severson, Spectrochim. Acta A 51, 499 (1995), p. 501, Fig. 1. Copyright 1995 Elsevier Science Ltd.

In both approaches a series of equilibration steps based on energy minimization is used to obtain the final configuration of the lipid/protein system. In the latter case, the process does not affect the initial lipid configuration significantly outside the cavity region, and the final configuration of the lipid/... 

A number of instances can be cited from the literature wherein the isosteres had similar transformations. Bacterial dioxygenase-catalyzed ci5-dihydroxylation of the tetracyclic arene benzo[c]phenanthrene was found to occur exclusively at fjord region (cavity region) bonds. The isosteric compounds benzo[b]naphthol [l,2-d]furan and benzo[b]naphthol[l,2-d]thiophene were also similarly ci5-dihydroxylated at the fjord region bonds by bacterial dioxygenases (Boyd et al., 2001) (see Fig. 4.3). The isosteres 1,2-dihydronaphthalene, 2,3-dihydrobenzothiophene, and 2,3-dihydro-benzofuran gave similar corresponding diol products on incubation with Pseudomonas putida UV4. Microbes that possess the metabolic pathways to metabolize benzene, when substituted by... 

The union surface inherits many of the features of the molecular surfaces used for its calculation. For example, if isodensity surfaces are used then the union surface is likely to be closely related to some isodensity contour surface of the cavity region. However, some of the properties of union surfaces derive from the superposition procedure, and these features may be quite prominent if only a few drug molecules are used. For example, the superposition may result in foldings and the occurrence of break lines on the union surface that are, clearly, not inherent properties of any of the isodensity contours of the cavity region. In particular, even if the union surface is generated by the superposition of differentiable contour surfaces, such as isodensity contours, the resulting union surface is not necessarily differentiable. 

There is little effect of scale on debris/gas heat transfer and debris oxidation. In these tests the majority of debris swept out of the cavity was trapped in the lower subcompartments. In these cases the transfer of thermal energy from the debris is confined to the cavity region during sweepout. 

Mice were injected with DMSO solutions containing varying amounts of platinum polyamine and observed for 24 hours. Injection occurred in the intraperitoneal cavity region of the mouse. 

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