Cationic lipids for gene delivery

Martin B, Sainlos M, Aissaoui A, Oudrhiri N, Hauchecome M, Vigneron JP, Lehn JM, Lehn P (2005) The design of cationic lipids for gene delivery. Curr Pharm Des 11 375-394... 

Ren T, Liu D. Synthesis of diether-linked cationic lipids for gene delivery. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1999 9(9) 1247-1250. 

In this chapter, the synthesis and structure of commonly used cationic lipids for gene delivery and the influence of their physicochemical properties on transfection activity will be described. 

Liu D, Qiao D, Li Z et al (2008) Structure-function relationship research of glycerol backbone-based cationic lipids for gene delivery. Chem Biol Drug Des 71 336—344... 

Duzgunes N, De Ilarduya CT, Simoes S, et al. Cationic liposomes for gene delivery novel cationic lipids and enhancement by proteins and peptides. Curr Med Chem 2003 10 1213-1220. 

Table 17.2 Summary of cationic lipid/liposomal gene delivery vectors used for in vivo and ex vivo transfection of the CNS. 

Pillai R, Petrak K, Blezinger P, Deshpande D, Florack V, Fieimatk B, Padmabandu G, Rolland A. Ultrasonic nebulization of cationic lipid-based gene delivery systems for airway administration. Pharm Res 1998 15(11) 1743-1747. 

Wang J, Guo X, Xu Y, Barron L, Szoka EC Jr. Synthesis and characterization of long chain alkyl acyl carnitine esters. Potentially biodegradable cationic lipids for use in gene delivery. J Med Chem 1998 41(13) 2207-2215. 

Pouton CW, Lucas P, Thomas BJ, et al. Polycation-DNA complexes for gene delivery a comparison of the biopharmaceutical properties of cationic polypeptides and cationic lipids. J Control Release 1998 53 289-299. 

Chronologically, this is the second family of cationic lipids that were employed for gene delivery. The pioneering work was presented by Behr et al. (1989), who had proposed to take advantage of DNA condensing property of a naturally occurring polyamine, such as spermine. Indeed, during cell division,... 

The physicochemical characterization of complexes formed between plasmid DNA and products 2 and 3 demonstrates a different behaviour of the new lipid/ DNA complexes, compared to previously described cationic lipids that classically compact DNA and retard DNA in gel electrophoresis. The different nature of the complexes, and especially the unperturbed electrophoretical mobility we have observed, propose them as potential self-assembling systems for gene delivery (Scherman et al., 2001). 

Ewert KK, Evans HM, Zidovska A, Bouxsein NF, Ahmad A, Safinya CR (2006) A columnar phase of dendritic lipid-based cationic liposome-DNA complexes for gene delivery hexago-nally ordered cylindrical micelles embedded in a DNA honeycomb lattice. J Am Chem Soc 128 3998-4006... 

Ewert K, Ahmad A, Evans HM, Schmidt H-W, Safinya CR (2002) Efficient synthesis and cell-transfection properties of a new multivalent cationic lipid for non-viral gene delivery. J Med Chem 45 5023-5029... 

Martin-Herranz A, Ahmad A, Evans HM, Ewert K, Schulze U, Safinya CR (2004) Surface functionalized cationic lipid-DNA complexes for gene delivery PEGylated lamellar complexes exhibit distinct DNA-DNA interaction regimes. Biophys J 86 1160-1168... 

Although the squalene emulsion was demonstrated to be the most potent carrier for gene delivery among the cationic lipid formulations, it is not yet as efficient as the use of a viral vector, thus requiring additional enhancement of its transfection activity. Since the cationic lipid formulations can be designed by various lipids to improve their in vitro and in vivo transfection activity, Kim et al.152 prepared various... 

The first reports of using cationic polymers for DNA delivery can be traced back to 1973, before the use of cationic lipids. However, until recently, research in the area of polymer-mediated gene delivery lagged behind that of lipid-based delivery vectors [26]. Recent advances in the development of polymers have regenerated the interest in polymer-mediated gene delivery. Polycationic carriers are either naturally occurring or chemically synthesized compounds. Examples include his-... 

---