Catalytic and Other In Situ Chemical Polymerization

Rubner et al. [346] describe another such procedure for preparation of P(Ac) composites with Polybutadiene (PB). A solution of PB and Ziegler-Natta catalyst in toluene is used to coat the walls of a reaction vessel which is then used for polymerization of Ac at low temperature. The resulting PB/P(Ac) composite however had very poor structure, and a host of techniques show it to actually consist of phase-separated islands of PB and P(Ac), i.e. a true physical mixture and nothing more. Conductivity and other properties reflect this two-phase composition [346]. 

Przyluski et al. [347] recently described a stepwise chemical polymerization of aniline and pyrrole in the presence of aqueous vinylidene chloride-Me acrylate-Bu acrylate copolymer solutions to yield conductive latexes . Contents were from 5% 

Oh et al. [349] recently described the preparation of P(ANi)/poly(styrene) composites via a combination of in-situ chemical polymerization and blending. The polymerization was performed by adding oxidant and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid dissolved in xylene to a xylene solution of aniline and poly (styrene). At a P(ANi) content of 12 w/w%, the conductivity reported was 0.1 S/cm. 

Ramachandran and Lemer [350] prepared a unique composite of P(Py) with the clay Montmorillonite using a simple solution blending procedure. The resulting nanocomposite was claimed to have the structure shown in Fig. 10-2. 

Lindsey and Street [354] describe an electropolymerization of pyrrole into a ca. 4 pm thick PVA film previously spin-coated on a metal electrode and crosslinked by heating to 150°C for 0.5 h to reduce solubility, while permitting swelling in the solution used for polymerization, 0.1 M CUSO4/0.1 M pyrrole in water. Control of polymerization conditions allow preparation of a composite which is conductive on one or both faces, with conductivities in the region 0.1 to 10 S/cm. In a similar procedure, Selampinar et al. [355] described the in situ electropolymerization of P(Py) into bisphenol A-type PEK films yielding conductive composites. 

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