Catalysis iron phthalocyanine

Iron phthalocyanine catalysis is more effective for alkenes conjugated to an aryl ring as compared with the Fe2+/Fe3+ salts (Scheme 3.34), whereas the Nicholas method worked much better for acyclic non-conjugated alkenes such as li (Scheme 3.35). 

Over iron-phthalocyanine encaged in zeolite Y and using tertiary-butylhydroperoxide (t.-BHP) as oxidant, even cyclohexane can be converted to adipic acid. Selectivities of up to 35 % at conversions around 85 % have been reported. Unfortunately, however, a reaction time of 33 hours at 60 °C was required to achieve this conversion. Although the activity of the latter catalyst is certainly much too low to compete with the conventional catalytic systems for adipic acid synthesis, it provides interesting prospects for further developments. For the near future, we perceive that more and more groups will be working in this interesting field of catalysis by zeolite inclusion compounds. 

Pioneering works on functional molecules incorporating conducting polymers firstly demonstrated them as modified electrodes, on which redox molecules such as ruthenium tetraoxide [1] for photo-oxidation of water, mesotetrakis (4-sulphonatophenyl)porphyrin cobalt [2] and iron phthalocyanine [3] for redox catalysis, were incorporated chemically or electrochemically in polypyrrole conducting polymer. They suggested that functionalized conducting polymers should show the native function of a functional molecule while maintaining the native conductivity without a big decrease. 

In the last example, benzoquinone is used as a stoichiometric oxidant instead of Cu that is used as a catalyst in the Wacker process. With multiple catalysis inspired from biological processes, Backwal succeeded in using oxygen from air to ace-toxylate cyclohexene by acetic acid. The redox catalysts are iron phthalocyanine (FePc) and dihydroquinone coupled with PdCl2 ... 

Rigid spirocyclic linking groups can be introduced between porphyrin subunits to provide significant steric restriction to prevent structural relaxation, which in turn helps promote fruitful catalytic properties in PIMs. Phthalocyanine network PIMs are important catalysts for example, iron-porphyrin derivatives can permit the catalysis of hydrocarbon hydroxylations and alkene epoxidations." ... 

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