Casein kinases transcription factors

The flavonoid crysin and benzothiophenes have been shown to inhibit casein kinase II (CKII), a cellular protein that may regulate HIV-1 transcription by phosphorylating (other) cellular proteins involved in the HIV-1 transcription transactivation process. This mechanism of action is independent of the nuclear factor kB-driven transcription pathway. Thus, flavonoids interfere with HIV-1 transcription and hence prevent HIV expression in latently infected cells. Their specificity and usefulness as HIV transcription inhibitors remain to be assessed. 

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