Carriers polynucleotides

DNA thymus nucleic acid Desoxiribon Eucytol. Polynucleotide essential component of chromosomes in cell nuclei. In its role as the carrier of genetic information, DNA must have two functions be exactly reproducible in order to... 

In experimental studies on the formation of antibodies to a hapten-protein conjugate, it appears that the more immunogenic the protein, the better the response. Although proteins are usually the most efficient carriers, polypeptides, polysaccharides, lipid membranes, or even polynucleotides may be sufficient to impart im-munogenicity. In recent years, direct conjugation of simple chemicals to structural elements of cell membranes (especially of monocytes and macrophages) has been thought to play an important role in the induction of sensitization (de Weck 1975 Shearer 1975). The protein carrier or cell membrane structure of the host may contribute to the specificity of the response (partial autoimmunity). 

Plescia OJ, Braun W, Imperato S, Cora-Block E, Jaroskova L, Schimbor C (1968) Methylated serum albumin as a carrier for oligo- and polynucleotides. In Plescia OJ, Braun W (eds) Nuclei acids in immunology. Springer, New York Pressmann D, Goldberg AL (1968) The structural basis of antibody specificity. Benjamin, New York... 

Since polynucleotides do not last long in nature, replication can be considered as a way to preserve (accumulate) information before an information carrier - a polynucleotide strand — eventually breaks down because of thermal fluctuation or (photo)cleavage. It is likely that the first replicating systems invoked linear polymers because the replication of branched polymers - as a logical alternative - may have been mechanistically impracticable. 

PEC particles already serve as drug, protein, and polynucleotide carriers for pharmaceutical appUcadcms. 

The preparation of immobilized co-enzymes and their applications in general affinity chromatography and as active co-enzymes have been reviewed. The most significant methods of immobilization of polynucleotides have been described and their applications discussed. " Another article reviews affinity electrophoresis, a new separation technique involving electrophoresis on a carrier containing immobilized ligands capable of specific interaction with some component(s) of the mixture to be separated. ... 

Fig. 16. Hypercycle with translation. The polynucleotides I. represent carriers of two kinds of instruction (1) for their own replication due to their capability to act as template and (2) for the translation into proteins which are the effective catalysts. The proteins act as specific re-plicases or as specific subunits in a multi-subunit enzyme.

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