Cardiovascular dysfunctions

Rice-Evans, C. and Bruckdorfer, K.R, (1992). Free radicals, lipoproteins and cardiovascular dysfunction. Mol. Aspects Med. 13, 1-111. 

Parillo, J.E. (1990) Septic shock in humans advances in the understanding of pathogenesis, cardiovascular dysfunction, and therapy. Annals of Internal... 

Ginseng Panax ginseng Root of the ginseng plant Increase well-being reduce fatigue used in the treatment of cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular dysfunction, and various other diseases... 

VEGF has an undoubted important role in cardiovascular (dysfunction. Despite the disappointments of the current clinical studies, it seems likely that its actions in cardiac pathology will still need to be understood and manipulated as part of the overall management of cardiovascular disease. 

Kopp SJ, Perry HM Jr, Feliksik JM, et al. 1985. Cardiovascular dysfunction and hypersensitivity to sodium pentobarbital induced by chronic barium chloride ingestion. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 77 303-314. 

Dioxin-like compounds are those chemicals that act as ligands for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which appears to be present in most vertebrate classes92. The AhR functions as a ligand-activated transcription factor and is responsible for most of the toxic consequences of dioxin-like compounds150, which can be diverse and include cardiovascular dysfunctions, immunosuppression and embryotoxicity24. Usually, the most potent ligand for the AhR and the most toxic compound is TCDD. Some important classes of ecotoxicants contain members that are AhR active (Table 4). 

Glen SK, Elliott HL, Curzio JL, et al. White-coat hypertension as a cause of cardiovascular dysfunction. Lancet 1996 348 654-657. 

Bethanechol, like any muscarinic agent, has negative inotropic, chronotropic and dro-motropic effects. It may also cause systemic vasodilatation, decreased TPR, and dramatically lowered blood pressure. In a healthy person, sympathetic reflexes would compensate for these effects. However, such reflexes would worsen symptoms in a patient with cardiovascular dysfunction. Bethanechol s use is therefore contraindicated in patients with pronounced bradycardia, hypotension, coronary artery disease, or any type of cardiac disease. 

Does therapy with calcium channel blockers increase life expectancy in patients with cardiovascular dysfunction ... 

Several different mechanisms may contribute to the development of endotoxin tolerance in vivo. The early-phase tolerance to endotoxin is associated with a reduced release of TNF, colony-stimulating factor, and IFN-y (Beutler etal., 1986 Sanchez-Cantu etal., 1989 Evans etal, 1991 Zucker-man et al., 1989b). These cytokines are key mediators of the cardiovascular dysfunction elicited by endotoxin (see above). 

Esterbauer, H. The chemistry of oxidation of lipoproteins (eds. C. Rice-Evans and K.R. Bruckdorfer). Oxidative Stress, Lipoproteins, and Cardiovascular Dysfunction. Portland Press, London, U.K. 1980. 

Hinshaw, L.B. (1985). Cardiovascular dysfunction in shock An overview with emphasis on septic shock. In Janssen, H.E. and Barnes, C.A. (eds.) Circulatory Shock Basic and Clinical Implications, pp. 1—19. (New York Academic Press)... 

Eichenholz, P.W., Eichacker, P.Q., Hoffman, W.D., Banks, S.M., Parrillo, J.E., Danner, R.L., Natanson, C. (1992). Tumor necrosis factor challenges in canines patterns of cardiovascular dysfunction. Am. J. Physiol. 263 H668-H675. 

Clinical signs are variable animals appear to die from respiratory failure complicated by cardiovascular dysfunction. 

Acute toxic effects of SM are mostly observed in the eyes, respiratory tract, and skin. These organs are thus Imown as the target organs, because their involvement is more prominent here than in the other organs. However, neuropsychiatric symptoms and signs and digestive and cardiovascular dysfunctions were also observed. Frequencies of clinical features of acute SM intoxications in 233 Iranian patients treated in Mashhad, Iran, are shown in Figure 5.1. 

In addition to the carcinogenic and immunotoxic effects, PAHs exposure has also been suggested to be involved in human cardiovascular dysfunction (Gustavsson et al., 1996 Thirman et al., 1994). It has been reported that benzo(a)pyrene is involved in atherogenesis (Thirman et al., 1994) and induee vascular smooth cells proliferation (Zhang and Ramos, 1997). However, the direet evidence related with the association between exposure of PAHs and eardiovaseular dysfunetion is still weak. 

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