Cardiac transplantation surgical procedures

Risk factors contributing to the development of PMC are age (>60 years) previous surgical intervention non-surgical gastrointestinal procedures presence of a nasogastric tube and enteral feeding antiulcer medication, hospitalisation in an intensive care unit malignancies (lymphoma, leukaemia) immunosuppression transplantation irradiation pulmonary disease severe cardiac disease and heavy-metal exposure (Ros et al. 1996 Cleary 1998 Dallal et al. 2002). 

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