Carbonylations of Alkenes and Alkynes

2 Carbonylation of Organic Halidas- Aryl iodides are carbonylated by KHFe(CO)4 only in the presence of added (3o2(CX))8.298 Carbonylation of R2CX2 (R = H, Me X = Cl, Br) is effected 

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Carbonylation of alkenes and alkynes catalysed by metal carbonyls, typically Co2(CO)8, Ni(CO)4 and Fe(CO)5 to produce aldehydes, carboxylic acids, esters, and alcohols. 

Carbonylation of Alkenes and Alkynes Catalysed by Metal Carbonyls to Produce Aldehydes, Carboxylic Acids, Esters and Alcohols... 

Addition of H and CO to alkenes and alkynes catalysed by transition metal complexes is called hydrocarbonylation, and is useful for the syntheses of carboxylic acids, their esters, aldehydes and ketones [1]. Oxidative carbonylation of alkenes and alkynes with Pd(II), treated in Section 11.1.5, differs mechanistically from hydrocarbonylation. Some carbonylation reactions occur at under 1 atm or low pressures, without using a high-pressure laboratory apparatus. Several commercial processes based on hydrocarbonylation have been developed. 

VI.4.4.1 CARBONYLATION OF ALKENES AND ALKYNES WITH YCOPd AND YCOOPd 2597... 

Carbonylation of Alkenes and Alkynes 43.1 The Carbonylative Heck Reaction... 

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