Carbonate and chloroformate manufacture

Phosgene reacts with alcohols or phenols (or their simple salt derivatives) to give two types of compound, chloroformates R0C(0)C1 Equation (4.7) and carbonates R0C(0)0R Equation (4.8), see Section 10.3.1. Carbonates are generally derived from the further reaction of the alcohol or phenol with the chloroformate. 

Hundreds of chloroformates and carbonates have been prepared, and reviews of the chemistry and chemical technology of both types of material can be found in the literature [3,676,1358]. In general, it may be said that the potential availability of a particular 

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