Carbon relationship between conversion

Figure 3. Relationship between conversion and carbon percentage in coal. The asterisks indicate that the figures in parentheses show the inert content in the coal. Symbols (%), with catalyst (O), no catalyst (A), Morwell brown coal.

The relationship between conversion and C% in coal (d.a.f.) is shown in Fig.3. In this figure, the relatively close relationship between conversion and C% in coal is observed, but at the same time, it is found also that there are some exceptions in this relationship. The behaviour of abnormal coals could possibly be explained by the inert content in the coal at the same carbon level. That is, in Yamakawa s data, the inert content of Miike and Yubari coals are lower, while Griffin coal is higher. 

The conversions conducted in both steps are currently based on empirical relationships that are more or less robust. For example, the relationship between the chlorophyll and carbon content in an average phytoplankton cell is dependent on factors that influence cell metabolism, including nutrient arailability, temperature, and light. The temperature dependence of photosynthesis is associated with an enzyme-mediated step in the Calvin cycle (Figure 7.6a). 

EPR has been observed and studied in porous carbons by numerous authors 178-182). The carbons studied have been prepared by pyrolysis of organic material such as dextrose 180), coal 181), and natural gas or oils 181,182). Porous carbons are of considerable technological importance and show catalytic activity for the ortho-parahydrogen conversion, the hydrogen-deuterium reaction, and many reactions of inorganic complex ions 156). Relationships between the characteristics of the EPR absorption and the catalytic activity of porous carbons for the o-p Hj and Hj-D reactions have been demonstrated by Turkevich and Laroche 183). 

Quantification of Phaeocystis-dehved carbon further requires appropriate carbon conversion factors for single cells and colonies in healthy as well as senescent conditions for all Phaeocystis species. Relationships between colony size, cell number and carbon have been established and published for P. globosa (Rousseau et al. 1990 Rijssel et al. 1997) and P. antarctica (Mathot et al. 2000) as described by Schoemann et al. (2005). Such relationships have not been established for P. pouchetii, and the variable colony morphology makes it problematic to apply... 

X = 0.20). Clearly, a direct chemical relationship between precursor asphaltenes and product asphaltenes does not exist and discussions of conversion of asphaltenes are meaningless. The relative proportion of product asphaltenes from each source is in some agreement, however, with the proportion of aromatic carbon present in the feeds as shown in Table II. 

The steam reforming reaction of methane is endothermic and proceeds with an increase in volume. In Figures 30 and 31 [1487] the relationship between equilibrium methane concentration (a measure for the theoretical possible conversion) and temperature, steam-to-carbon ratio S/C, and reforming pressure are plotted for the range relevant for the reaction in the primary reformer. 

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