Carbon nanostructures and fabrication methods

Depending on the degrees of carbon bond hybridization in carbon materials (i.e., sp, sp hybridization), various fabrication techniques have been developed to prepare different carbon nanostructures. These techniques are introduced individually for each category of carbon nanostructures. 

Nanotechnology-Enhanced Orthopedic Materials. http //dx.doi.oi l0.1016/B97S 0 5709 844-3.00005-7 

F nre 5.2 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of (a) Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT), (b) multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), and (c) carbon nanofibers (CNFs). 

There are two major types of CVD techniques depending on power input methods. Thermal CVD involves heating a hydrocarbon to a high temperature usually in the 

MWCNT Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) Arc-discharge deposition Laser vaporization deposition Ion beam assisted deposition 

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