Exchange carbon dioxide

Emphysema, pulmonary The swelling and breaking down of the air sacs in the lungs. This reduces the area available for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange within the lungs. 

Oeschger, H., Siegenthaler, U., Schotterer, U. and Gugelmann, A. (1975). A box-diffusion model to study the carbon dioxide exchange in nature, Tellus 27,168-192. 

Revelle, R. and Suess, H. E. (1957). Carbon dioxide exchange between atmosphere and ocean, and the question of an increase of atmospheric CO2 during the past decades, Tellus 9,18-27. 

Strain, B.R. Chase, V.C. (1966). Effect of past and prevailing temperatures on the carbon dioxide exchange capacities of some woody desert perennials. Ecology, 47,1043-5. 

Program DGC01 is direct Euler solution of carbon dioxide exchange... 

In addition to the oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged here, this area of the lung is necessarily exposed to other gases (carbon monoxide, nitrogen, etc.) to fluid droplets and to particulates in the ambient air. The air in the lung is essentially saturated with water vapor as it passes through the nasal scrubber to the bronchi, bronchioles, and ducts to the air sacs. 

Figure 17.13 Carbon dioxide exchange rates of 20 potato stands grown at 865 or 655 (xmol s PAR. Positive values reflect net photosynthetic rates during the light period and negative values reflect respiration rates during the dark period (source Wheeler et al., 2008a).

Figure 17.14 Effect of changes in photoperiod on the carbon dioxide exchange rate of a 20 potato stand. On day 58, the photoperiod was changed from 12-h to 24-h (i.e., continuous light), which resulted in drop in the instantaneous photosynthetic rates. Switching back to 12h at day 61 allowed photosynthetic rates to slowly increase. A similar effect was observed between days 75 and 77 (source Wheeler et al., 2008a).

Figure 17.15 Carbon dioxide exchange rate (net photosynthetic rate) of a 20 potato stand at different CO2 concentrations. The photosynthetic rates saturated above 1200 ppm while the CO2 compensation point occurred at 97 ppm (source Wheeler et al., 2008a).

Lafleur, P. M., Roulet, N. T., Bubier, J. L., Frolking, S., and Moore, T. R. (2003). Interannual variability in the peatland-atmosphere carbon dioxide exchange at an ombrotrophic bog. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 17,1036. 

Goldman J.C. and Dennett M.R. (1983) Carbon dioxide exchange between air and seawater No evidence for rate catalysis. Science 220,199-201. 

Etcheto J. and Merlivat L. (1988) Satellite determination of the carbon-dioxide exchange coefficient at the ocean-atmosphere interface—a 1st step. J. Geophys. Res. 93, 15669-15678. 

Hoover T. E. and Berkshire D. C. (1969) Effects of hydration in carbon dioxide exchange across an air-water interface. J. Geophys. Res. 74, 456-464. 

Moore T. R. and Dalva M. (1997) Methane and carbon dioxide exchange potentials of peat soils on aerobic and anaerobic laboratory incubations. Soil Biol. Biochem. 29, 1157-1164. 

Katul, G.G, Finnigan, J.J., Poggi, D., Leuning, R., and Belcher, S.E. (2006) The influence of hilly terrain on canopy-atmosphere carbon dioxide exchange, Boundary-Layer Meteorol (In Press). 

Walton, A., M. Ergin, and D. D. Markness (1970). Carbon-14 concentrations in the atmosphere and carbon dioxide exchange rates. J. Geophys. Res. 75, 3089-3098. 

Figure 12. Carbon dioxide exchange of leaf sections of two biotypes of Conyza treated with or without paraquat of 10 Mat 5 Wm (41. ...

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