Carbon chainlike molecules

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, which have long chainlike molecules. They are oxidized in the body to urea, carbon dioxide, and liquid water. Is this reaction a source of heat for the body Use the information in Appendix 2A to predict the standard enthalpy of reaction for the oxidation of the simplest amino acid, glycine (NH2CH2COOH), a solid, to solid urea (H2NCONH2), carbon dioxide gas, and liquid water ... 

Plants produce a vast array of terpenes, alkenes built in multiples of five carbon atoms. Many terpenes have characteristic fragrances. For example, the fresh odor of a pine forest is due to pinene, a ten-carbon molecule with a ring structure and one double bond. The fragrances of terpenes make them important in the flavor and fragrance industry. Limonene, another ten-carbon molecule with a ring and two double bonds, is the principal component of lemon oil. Geraniol, a chainlike molecule with two double bonds, is one of the molecules that is responsible for the fragrance of roses and is used in many perfumes. Many other terpenes have important medicinal properties. 

An interesting class of carbon-containing molecules called conjugated molecules have structures that consist of a sequence of alternating single and double bonds. These chainlike molecules are represented as zigzag structures in which the angle... 

The linear structure is a chainlike molecule made from the polymerization of ethylene. With the chemical formula CH2=CH2, ethylene is essentially a pair of double-bonded carbon atoms (C), each with two attached hydrogen atoms (H). 

RNA (ribonucleic acid) Long chainlike molecules that occur throughout cells and take part in the construction of proteins, salt An ionic compoimd that usually remains dissolved in a solution after an acid-base reaction has occurred, salt bridge An inverted, U-shaped tube containing a strong electrolyte completes the circuit in an electrochemical cell by allowing the flow of ions between the two half-cells, saturated fat A triglyceride composed of saturated fatty acids. Saturated fat tends to be solid at room temperature, saturated hydrocarbon A hydrocarbon that contains no double or triple bonds between the carbon atoms, saturated solution A solution that holds the maximum amoimt of solute imder the solution conditions. If additional solute is added to a saturated solution, it wiU not dissolve, scientific law A statement that summarizes past observations and predicts future ones. Scientific laws are usually formulated from a series of related observations. 

Another popular use for the element fluorine is the plastic called Teflon. This is a fluo-ropolymer consisting of long chainlike inert molecules of carbon linked chemically to fluorine. Teflon is useful as a coating for nonstick surfaces in cookware, ironing board covers, razor blades, and so forth. 

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