Carbon adsorbents dopants

The lowering of the temperature of reduction by H2 of numerous metal oxides by addition of a transition metal is well documented and may be attributed to spillover (7,8,62). Among all the metal dopants added, Pt and Pd are seen to be the most efficient and have been the most often studied. It should be noted that spillover does not only give rise to the reduction of solid or adsorbed phases oxidations of inorganic compounds such as UF4 (as well as carbon) can occur when Pt is present and the sample is exposed to oxygen (63-65). 

N-doped graphene was also studied as the ORR electrode material. Poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) PDDA, as nitrogen source, was introduced into a graphene material. It was observed that PDDA as a p-type dopant could cause the partial electron transfer from the electron-rich graphene substrate to the positively charged N+ centers of PDDA. Thus, carbon atoms in the graphene sheets with the adsorbed PDDA could create somewhat delocalized positive charges on the... 

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