Carbohydrates green chemistry applications

Additionally, the environmental issue of utilizing waste cellulosic material and waste biomass products should be considered as an alternative green chemistry application to the production of many value added products. The combinatorial utilization of carbohydrate scaffolds based on chiral building block functionalization will also constitute attractive and relatively cheap starting materials. This rich selection of potential approaches, combined with further developments of new procedures and modem reagents, creates an enormous opportunity for the field to be at the frontier for many years to come. 

The design and synthesis of inexpensive, hydrocarbon based C02-philic materials are of current interest as drey are applicable to the utilization of liquid and supercritical CO2 as an environmentally benign solvent In this section, we describe the molecular interactions involved in enhancing die solubility of carbohydrates in CC>2- We propose the peracetylation of these compounds as a simple method for the preparation of inexpensive, environmentally benign CO2-philes. Utilization of diese materials as COrphiles combines the merits of two important green chemistry principles-environmentally benign solvents and renewable materials. 

Microwave irradiation has been successfully applied in chemistry since 1975 and many examples in organic synthesis have been described [3, 4], Several reviews have been published on the application of this technique to solvent-free reactions [5], cycloaddition reactions [6], synthesis of radioisotopes [7], fullerene chemistry [8] and advanced materials [9], polymers [10], heterocyclic chemistry [11], carbohydrates [12], homogeneous [13] and heterogeneous catalysis [14], medicinal and combinatorial chemistry [15], and green chemistry [16]. All these applications are described elsewhere in this book. 

Robertson, A. L. Seddon, K. R. (Cytec Industries) (2002). Phosphonium phosphinate compounds and their preparation, WO 02/079212 A1 Rogers, R. D., Seddon, K. R. Volkov, S. (Eds.) (2002). Green industrial applications of ionic liquids. Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN 1-4020-1136-9, Netherlands Rosatella, A. A., Branco, L. C. Afonso, C. A. M. (2009). Studies on dissolution of carbohydrates in ionic liquids and extraction from aqueous phase. Green Chemistry, 11, 9,1406-1413, ISSN 1463-9262... 

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