Carbohydrate response element

K. Uyeda, H. Yamashita, and T. Kawaguchi, Carbohydrate responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP) a key regulator of glucose metabolism and fat storage, Biochem Pharmacol 63,2075-80 (2002). 

Cha, J. Y., and Repa, J. J. The liver X receptor (LXR) and hepatic lipogenesis. The carbohydrate-response element-binding protein is a target gene of LXR. J Biol Chem 282(2007) 743-751. 

Uyeda, K., and Repa, J. J. Carbohydrate response element binding protein, ChREBP, a transcription factor coupling hepatic glucose utilization and hpid synthesis. Cell Metab 4 (2006) 107-110. 

ChREBP carbohydrate response element binding protein... 

Fig. 6. Coordinated transcriptional regulation of fatty acid desaturases and elongases in mammals. PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids +, stimulation inhibition LXR, liver X receptor RXR retinoid X receptor SREBP, sterol regulatory element binding protein ChREBP, carbohydrate response element binding protein Mix, Max-like receptor PPAR-ot, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha LXRE, liver X receptor response element SRE, sterol response element ChoRE, carbohydrate response element PPRE, peroxisome proliferator response element. (See color plate section, plate no. 6.)...

Xyulose 5-phosphate has recently been identified as an activator of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). PP2A removes phosphates from PFK-2 and from a transcription factor that binds to carbohydrate response elements in promoters of genes such as pyruvate kinase. The hydrolysis of the phosphates activates both proteins, such that xyulose 5-phosphate can regulate pathways relating to both carbohydrate and fat metabolism. 

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