Carbohydrate hydroxyls represented

Carbohydrate hydroxyls represented by external atoms (CHEAT) is a force field designed specifically for modeling carbohydrates. 

Carbohydrate Hydroxyls represented by Extended Atoms, CHEAT... 

P.D.J. Grootenhuis and C.A.G. Haasnoot, A charmm based force-field for carbohydrates using the cheat approach -carbohydrate hydroxyl-groups represented by extended atoms Mol. Simul., 10 (1993)75. 

M.L.C.E. Kouwijzer and P.D.J. Grootenhuis, The CHEAT95 force field a carbohydrate force field in which the Carbohydrate Hydroxyls are represented by Extended Atoms. J. Phys. Chem., 99 (1995) 13426. 

P. D. J. Grootenhuis and C. A. G. Haasnoot, Mol. Simulation, 10, 75 (1993). A CHARMm Based Force Field for Carbohydrates Using the CHEAT Approach Carbohydrates Hydroxyl Groups Represented by Extended Atoms. 

A very important group of secondary hydroxyl modifications represent fluoroglycosides.104 When they interact with a retaining glycosidase, the highly electronegative fluorine on the carbohydrate ring causes the destabilization of both transition states and the reaction proceeds at a... 

In contrast to the striking divergences in the carbohydrate parts, respective ceramide moieties resemble those of other cestode glycosphingolipids in so far as sphinganine (d18 0) and 4-hydroxy-sphingoid bases (tl 8 0, t20 0) as well as, in part hydroxylated, fatty acids with 16 to 28 carbon atoms, in particular C26 0 and C28 0, represent predominant ceramide constituents, which might be an indication of similar biosynthetic routes. 

Cyclic acetals permit the simultaneous protection of pairs of hydroxyl groups, as such, they represent an extremely efficient protecting group. Furthermore, either 1,2 or 1,3 diols may be selectively protected rendering the use of cyclic acetals of even greater value to organic chemists in general, and to carbohydrate chemists in particular. The versatility of iodine is demonstrated in that it has been reported to be effective in both the removal and installation of cyclic acetals. 

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