Carbide-derived carbon electrochemical capacitors

Novel, inexpensive synthesis routes for producing materials with precisely controlled nanotexture must be developed to improve the performance of batteries and electrochemical capacitors, as well as to enable new electrochemical applications of carbons. Two alternatives, carbide-derived carbon (CDC) and templated carbon, have shown a promise to offer the requisite control necessary to push device performance to the next level and will be explored in this chapter. 

FIGURE 4.34 Proposed electrochemical processes occurring on the MojC-derived carbon electrode at high positive polarizations in [EMIMJCBFJ electrolyte (a) oxidative dimerization of EMIM+ cations via N-N bond formation (b) possible complexation of in situ elec-trochemically formed BF3 with a free electron pair of a nitrogen atom in the EMIM cation and/or the substitution of an alkyl chain to the EMIM+ cation. (From Kruusma, J. et al. 2014. In situ XPS studies of electrochemically positively polarized molybdenum carbide derived carbon double layer capacitor electrode. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 161 A1266-A1277. Reproduced by permission of The Electrochemical Society.)... 

Tonisoo, A., J. Kruusma, R. Parna et al. 2013. In situ XPS studies of electrochemicaUy negatively polarized molybdenum carbide derived carbon double layer capacitor electrode. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 160 A1084-A1093. 

Gu, W., and G. Yushin. 2014. Review of nanostructured carbon materials for electrochemical capacitor applications Advantages and limitations of activated carbon, carbide-derived carbon, zeolite-templated carbon, carbon aerogels, carbon nanotubes, onion-Uke carbon, and graphene. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Energy and Environment 3 424-473. 

Thomberg, T., Janes, A., and Lust, E. Energy and power performance of electrochemical double-layer capacitors based on molybdenum carbide derived carbon. ElectrochimicaActa 55, 3138-3143, 2010. 

Korenblit, Y. et al. High-rate electrochemical capacitors based on ordered mesoporous silicon carbide-derived carbon. Acs Nano 4,1337-1344, 2010. 

Sun, G., Song, W., Liu, X., Qiao, W., Long, D., Ling, L., 2011. New concept of in situ carbide-derived carbon/xerogel nanocomposite materials for electrochemical capacitor. Materials Letters 65 (9), 1392-1395. 

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