Campylobacter colitis

The intestinal disease with fever and arthralgia caused by Campylobacter colitis may show findings corresponding to non-specific reactive hepatitis in terms of laboratory parameters and histology. (124, 125)... 

Reddy, K.R., Farnum, J.B., Thomas, E. Acute hepatitis associated with Campylobacter colitis. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 1983 5 259 - 262... 

Fecal lactoferrin testing or microscopy for leukocytes can help document inflammation, which is often present in invasive colitis with Salmonella, Shigella, or Campylobacter, with more severe C. difficile colitis, and with inflammatory bowel disease. 

Worldwide 5-6 million children die each year of diarrheal diseases. Symptoms of GTI are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (in case of Shigella and Entamoeba often bloody), abdominal pain and fever. Causal associations have been found between Campylobacter jejuni infections and subsequent Guillain-Barrd syndrome and between enterohem-orrhagic Escherichia coli colitis and the hemolytic uremic syndrome. In severe or complicated cases a faeces culture (and in case of high fever also two blood cultures) should be taken prior to therapy. 

The macrolide antibiotics include erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, tylosin, tilmicosin and tiamulin. Clindamycin and lincomycin are related lincosamides. Susceptible bacteria include staphylococci, streptococci, Campylobacter jejunii, Clostridium spp., R. equi, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia spp. Drugs in this group are only effective against a few Gram-negative bacteria in cattle, namely some strains of Pasteurella and Haemophilus spp. Macrolides and lincosamides are associated with causing colitis in horses, so their use is usually restricted to p.o. erythromycin for the treatment of R. equi infections in foals. Subantimicrobial doses of erythromycin are administered i.v. to horses for gastrointestinal prokinetic action. 

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