Calling nodes

An ANN is an array of three or more interconnected layers of cells called nodes (much like columns of cells in a spreadsheet). Data are introduced to the ANN through the nodes of the input layer. For instance, each input layer node can contain the relative intensity of one of the m/z values from a bacterial pyrolysis mass spectrum. The output layer nodes can be assigned to iden-... 

The four lowest energy wave functions are shown in Figure 3.4. The energy of the particle in its lowest energy state is called its zero-point energy. A wave has certain points at which it has a zero value. These points are called nodes. 

Figure 1.4 A wave moving across a lake is viewed along a slice through the lake. For this wave the wave function, W, is plus (+) in crests and minus (-) in troughs. At the average level of the lake it is zero these places are called nodes.

Diagnosis is accomplished by the expert system. The central part of the expert system is the rule base. The rule base consists of ideas, called nodes, and rules which interconnect them as shown in Figure 2. The upper node is the evidence the lower node is the conclusion. The rule between them will state that if the evidence is known to be true with absolute certainty, then the conclusion will be known to be true (or false) with a specific confidence. 

Before we copy the new model, we must make sure that each. subekt line has the same number of calling nodes and that the description of the nodes and their order are the same. The numbering of the nodes is not important, only the number of nodes, their description, and their order. If these three items do not match up, we cannot use the model. If the. subekt lines match up (they do in this case), we can proceed. Delete all of the text in the window ... 

This netlist describes the circuit we created in Capture. Since we chose to create a subcircuit netlist, the second line of the file declares the netlist as a subcircuit. The name of the subcircuit is MEHjOpAlTip, or whatever you named your subcircuit, and the calling nodes are Vm, V0, and Vp. These node names were derived from the ports we added to the circuit. The order is not important because we will have Capture create the symbol for this subcircuit, and it will use the same nodes in the correct order. 

Next, we need to modify the graphic symbol. You can move the pins, but do not change them or rename them. You can hide the pin names (Vp, Vm, or Vo) if you wish, but you cannot change their names because they correspond to the calling nodes used in the subcircuit netlist. You can delete the box and then add any graphics you wish using the place menu. My modified symbol is shown below ... 

The wave described by eqn 1.6 is different from that discussed above. The displacement varies sinusoidally in space and time, but the positions of maximum and minimum displacement do not move. It is known as a standing wave, as opposed to the travelling wave illustrated in Fig. 1.1. Figure 1.2 shows a standing wave at three successive times. The points of zero displacement are called nodes, and those where the displacement is maximum, antinodes. Standing waves are formed in vibrating strings which are fixed at one or more points. They form the basis for musical instruments. 

The structure of a nerve is not simple. In the following account, the stress is upon a single aspect of the mechanism of the action of a nerve, the origin of the spike potential in sections of the nerve called nodes in which the axon is in contact on the outside with the extracellular fluids. The relevant properties of a nerve cell free of a myelin sheath can be seen in Table 14.1. 

For a trivial example, assume that a self-organizing map has been trained and two groups identified, based on the absence or presence of four input features. Figure 4.6 shows the connections between the input vector and two grid points (often called nodes) that are associated with their respective groups. 

Orbitals An orbital is the space where one or two paired electrons can be located or the probability of an electron s location. These are mathematical functions (i.e., figures) with specific shapes (s orbitals spherical p orbitals dumbbell, etc. see Figure 10.1) and restricted zones (called nodes see Figure 10.2). The nodes represent areas where the probability of an electron is zero. 

Almost every chemical reaction in industrial and laboratory practice results not from a single rearrangement or break-up of a molecule or collision of molecules, but from a combination of such molecular events called elementary steps, or steps for short. The steps of a reaction may occur in sequence, reactants reacting to form intermediates which subsequently react to form other intermediates and ultimately a product or products. The sequence of steps then is called a pathway. Almost always, however, one or several of the reactants or intermediates can also undergo alternative reactions that eventually lead to undesired by-products or different but also desired co-products. The combination of steps then is called a network with branches. Pathways from specific reactants to specific products can be defined within networks. Points at which pathways branch are called nodes, and linear portions between nodes or between a node and an end member are called segments. The network may contain parallel pathways from one node to another or to an end member, involving conversion of the same reactants (or intermediates) to the same products (or other intermediates) such pathways form a loop. 

Mathematically, the SMB model is achieved by connecting the boundary conditions of each column model, including nodes represented by material balances of splitting or mixing models. These so-called node models (Ruthven and Ching, 1989) are given for a component i in the sections I-IV by ... 

Extensions refer to the formal definition of modeling concepts for (i) message sequences (node type MessageSequence), defining the behavior of a method (edge type Defines) at runtime. A message sequence consists of (ii) single method calls (node class MethodCall) with (iii) accessory actual parameters (node class Classifier Instance). Furthermore, a method call can be restricted by (iv) a condition (node class Control and its subnodes, respectively). 

String at an instant when 0 = 1. At other times, the string is vibrating between such a position and a position given hy —ir(x). There are fixed points at which the string is stationary. These points are called nodes, and the number of nodes other than the two nodes at the ends of the string is n — 1. A wave with stationary nodes is called a standing wave. 

Here, atoms are represented by small cirdes, and chemical bonds by lines which link the corresponding aides. In gr h theory the objects designated by small cirdes are called neritces, points or nodes the use of the latter term is not to be recommended, however, because in quantum chemistry, surfaces with wave functions having zero values are called nodes. The linking lines are denoted as e es, Itnes, or when directed, as ores. Thus, the structures defined in mathematics as graphs consist... 

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