Calcium compounds Epinephrine

DIRECT CALCIUM COMPOUNDS Parenteral calcium administration may 1 the positive inotropic effects of epinephrine and dobutamine Uncertain postulated that calcium modulates the signal transmission from the receptor Monitor BP closely watch for poor response to these inotropes... 

Quinuronium sulfate is a bitter, white to yellow, crystalline powder that is usually available as a stable 5% aqueous solution. This compound is effective in the treatment of B. caballi infections but is associated with relapses, making it more effective for premunition than for the elimination of infection. One treatment consists of two doses of a 5% solution of quinuronium sulfate, administered s.c. at 0.3mg/kg, 6h apart. Quinuronium sulfate has a narrow margin of safety and overdosing produces parasympathomimetic effects including tremors, salivation, urination and defecation. These signs usually respond to treatment with atropine, epinephrine (adrenaline) and calcium gluconate. The interval between treatments should not be shorter than 2 weeks and should preferably be 3 months because sensitization occurs, which results in shock, with a profound drop in blood pressure, and death. 

The acute cardiotoxic effects of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (reduced blood pressure and increased sensitization to epinephrine-induced arrhythmias) appear to be mediated by the compound and not its metabolites (Carlson 1973 Toraason et al. 1990, 1992) and have been associated with the ability of 1,1,1-trichloroethane to interfere with membrane-mediated processes including calcium mobilization during myocardial contraction (Herd et al. 1974 Hoffman et al. 1992 Toraason et al. 

The answer is 3 [IIC Tible 15-1]. The halocarbon compounds (e.g., chloroform, halothane, freon) and the fumes from overheated synthetic fluorine-containing resin-coated (Teflon) cookware are indirectly car-diotoxic because they sensitize the heart to sympathomimetic amines such as epinephrine. Following exposure to these substances, even the release of endogenous epinephrine associated with stress can pose a hazard. Yew plants contain a cardioactive alkaloid that inhibits depolarization and produces bradycardia and diastolic heart block. Furazolidone interferes with intermediary metabolism, resulting in a lack of energy arid a dilated, weak heart "round heart." Digitalis aflecTs potassium content in the cell. Monensin is an ionophore that alters the sodium-to-calcium ratio arid leads Id cardiac necrosis. 

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