Calcinations furnace

Calcinler herd, m. calcining hearth. ofen, m. calcining furnace or oven. topf, m. calcining pot or crucible. 

Provided that the temperature and the carbon dioxide pressure conditions in the calcination furnace are such that they correspond to the point A, or to any point above the calcium carbonate line, no dissociation occurs because in such a situation,... 

Many of these treatments can be straightforwardly scaled-up to industrial quantities by adding steam to calcination furnace atmospheres and carrying out various forms of solution ion exchange or chemical treatment and/or acid extractions in suitable powder and granule contacting equipment. The products vary in stability and catalytic properties because the treated materials are no longer freshly crystal-... 

Figure 22, One calcination furnace in the Rhone Poulenc plant...

In the recycling process both the free and the bound sulfuric acid (as metal sulfates) can be recovered from the weak acid in the calcination furnace (Fig. 17, k) and in metal sulfate calcination (Fig. 18). The process consists of two stages ... 

Figure 17. Weak acid recovery plant used by Sachtleben Chemie (based on know-how of Bayer AG) a) Heat exchanger b) Evaporator c) Injection condenser d) Stirred salt maturing vessels e) Filter press f) Bunker for pyrites g) Coal silo h) Bunker i) Mixing screw unit j) Covered store for mixed filter cake k) Calcination furnace 1) Waste-heat boiler m) Cyclone n) Electrostatic precipitator o) Stirred tank p) Storage tank q) Pump r) Cooler...

The resin is then allowed to dry for 10 minutes, while the pump continues to pull air through the resin, before the column is removed to the calcining furnace. Raffinate batches from the individual loading runs are analyzed for 44Cm and usually can be discarded to waste. 

A Calcining Furnace is one that is used for calcination. It may be a welding or reverberatory furnace. 

There are two dusty recovery products in tin smelting, one called fume from smelting furnace, and another called after-stuff from the refinery, which are saved and used again in the calcine furnace. 

Speiss was the other significant blast furnace product from earlier smelting operations. It contained significant amounts of entrained particulate lead as well as silver and gold. Speiss was often roasted in heaps or a calcining furnace and recycled to the blast furnace. At the Trail smelter in Canada it was treated in a bottom blown converter with the addition of molten lead. The lead captured most of the silver and gold and no doubt significant amounts of arsenic were volatilised into the gas stream. 

Figure 6.5 Photos of (a) reaction apparatus and (right) 1 h after white PMMA colloidal for polymerization of MMA, (b) PMMA colloidal crystal solids were placed in the solution, and crystals (white solids) in La(N03)3 + Fe(N03)3 in (c) calcination furnace, ethylene glycol-MeOH solution (left) 20 m...

Tar, oil, and naphtha, which can be further upgraded by hydrogenation, are mostly salable products to the chemical industry. In some cases, these products are also converted to syngas in a separate oil gasifier or are sold as fuel, for example, for limestone calcination furnaces [40], From the crude tar acid fraction ammonia, phenols or cresyhc acids can be produced [29]. 

In the A1 industry, wear resistance should be taken into account in sidewall lining of the cells, in the launders for liquid Al, in ladles, in the feeding holes of the melting furnaces, in coke calcining furnaces, and in anode baking furnaces. In some cases, it might be the key characteristic of the material. The wear resistance of carbon cathode blocks is described in Sect. 2.3. 

In the A1 industry, thermal shock-resistant materials should be used in loading openings (holes) of coke calcining furnaces, anode baking furnaces, ladles, and runners. The possibility of applying thermal shock resistance factors to cathode carbon blocks is discussed later. 

The most celebrated process was calcinations, i.e., firing substances to turn into powder known as "kalk or calx sometimes called alcooV (of gold). The calcinations furnaces were customary named athanor (from Arabic "at-tanmir ) when sand in a bath was replaced by ashes. 

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