C-type pattern

C 1 IS more reactive because the intermediate formed by electrophilic attack there IS a relatively stable carbocation A benzene type pattern of bonds is retained m one nng and the positive charge is delocalized by allylic resonance... 

Base-plate waxes are formulated for specific uses or working conditions into types 1,11, and 111. Consequentiy, the flow requirements differ. Type 1 waxes are soft waxes for building contours and veneers, type 11 waxes are medium waxes used for pattern production in the mouth in temperate weather, and type 111 waxes are hard waxes used for production in the mouth in hot weather. At 37°C, type 1 waxes have a 45—85% flow at 45°C, type 11 waxes have a 50—90% flow and type 111 waxes have a 5—50% flow. 

Viscosity (m.Pa.s) Drying time (min) Temperature (°C) Type of dryer Groove pattern... 

Figure 1.184 Dilution-type experiment using blue- and yellow-colored streams for visualization fo the flow patterns during mixing, (a) Flow-pattern image of the entire mixer device, (b) Flow-pattern image of the first two mixing units for 1 pi min-1, (c) Flow pattern image of the first two mixing units for 100 pi min-1 [55] (by courtesy of Kluwer Academic Publishers).

Woody [56] classified representative CD spectra for p turns based upon theoretical determinations. For types I and II, CD spectra similar to p sheets, but with red-shifted extrema, were predicted. These were referred to as class B spectra, with the standard p sheet spectrum termed as class A. Class C spectra resembled the CD pattern of an a helix, and were predicted to arise for type II turns. Since then, numerous p turn models have been examined and most experimental results agree with the theoretical studies [14]. Notable exceptions include type I turns which exhibit class C spectra rather than the class B predicted for such structures. Gierasch et al. [57] have suggested that the discrepancy may arise from the presence of a cis -proline residue (y - -50°), and that it is the cis -proline residue which produces the C-type spectrum regardless of the turn type. 

FIG. 4. (a) Diffractometer patterns of starch showing typical A, B, and C types of X-ray spectra, (b) Packing of double helices in the crystalline patterns proposed for the A and B types of starch. The C type would be a mixture (in varying amounts for different species) of A and B type of packing. After Hizukuri (1995). 

Cytochrome synthesis was examined in the fat body of adult male B. discoidalis by measuring the synthesis of cytochrome hemes. Heme is synthesized from the condensation of succinate and glycine by aminolevulinic acid synthase to produce aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a specific heme precursor. A developmental pattern exists for the incorporation of [i CjALA into cytohemes of fat body mitochondria with a peak of synthesis between days 4 and 6 of adult age (60). CC ablation eliminates this peak of synthesis for cytohemes a and b CC extract injections return the synthesis of cytohemes a+b to normal levels in CC-ablated cockroaches but have no effects on the synthesis of the c-type hemes for cytochromes c and Cj, The synthesis of cytohemes a+b in response to CC extracts requires a latent period of 24-48 hr to obtain a maximum response and is dose-dependent over a range of 0.01 to 0.08 CC pair (61). The active factor in CC extracts is sensitive to chymotrypsin but not to trypsin. This "cytochromogenic hormone (CGH) is secreted on days 2-3 of adult age in males (62). Since maximal synthesis of cytohemes a+b occurs on day 4, CGH secretion on days 2-3 agrees with the earlier observation that CGH requires about 48 hr to produce its response (61). 

Figure 23 Summary of the amino acid sequence patterns that are involved in calcium binding of the subfamilies of C-type lectins. One example in each subfamily is shown and the ligand position is marked black. The last Asp uses both oxygen atoms from the mainchain carbonyl and side chain carboxyl as the calcium ligand atoms...

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