Burnham studies

Burnham C J, Li J C, Xantheas S S and Leslie M 1999 The parametrization of a Thole-type all-atom polarizable water model from first prinoiples and its applioation to the study of water olusters (n = 2-21) and the phonon speotrum of ioe Ih J. Chem. Phys. 110 4566-81... 

Sufficient evidence is available to indicate that atmospheric pollution in vaiying degrees does affect health adversely. [Amdur, Melvin, and Drinker, Effec t of Inhalation of Sulfur Dioxide by Man, Lancet, 2, 758 (1953) Barton, Corn, Gee, VassaUo, and Thomas, Response of Healthy Men to Inhaled Low Concentrations of Gas-Aerosol Mixtures, Arch. Lnviron. Health, 18, 681 (1969) Bates, Bell, Burnham, Hazucha, and Mantha, Problems in Studies of Human Exposure to Air Pollutants, Can. Med. A.s.soc. J., 103, 833 (1970) Ciocco and... 

Oulevey, F, Burnham, N.A., Kulik, A.J., Gallo, P.-J., Gremaud, G. and Benoit, W., Mechanical properties studied at the nanoscale using scanning local-acceleration microscopy (SLAM). J. Phys. IV, 6, 731-734 (1996). 

Burnham, 89. For a scholarly study of the secretive tradition overall, see Eamon. 

Burnham, 1962 Keller and Hanson, 1968 Rose, 1970 Lowell and Guilbert, 1970 Keller, 1963). These studies indicate that kaolinite can be formed by hydrothermal alteration at the surface as well as to depths of several kilometers. Although information is lacking for low temperatures, intermediate conditions of pressure and temperature are known to permit the stability of the potassic mica-beidellite mixed layered composition series which excludes the stable coexistence of K-feldspar and kaolinite. If one accepts the argument that both beidellite-sodic and potassic are... 

It is interesting to note that the 1M polymorph represents an ordered form while lMd structures are disordered (Guven and Burnham, 1967) and that the typical sequence in the process of glauconitization is lMd to 1M (Burst, 1958). Illite remains, for the most part, disordered even in Paleozoic sedimentary rocks (Velde and Hower, 1963). This would suggest that the glauconite structure, being more symmetric, might be more stable than illite, a point which will be discussed when experimental studies are considered. 

Recent advances in spectroscopic methods have enabled the water pentamer to be studied experimentally. Infrared cavity ringdown spectroscopy has been used to examine the intramolecular absorption features of the gas-phase water pentamer, which match the spectral features of the pentamer rings in liquid water and amorphous ice (Paul et al., 1999 Burnham et al., 2002). Vibration Rotation Tunnelling (VRT) spectroscopy has been used to provide a more direct probe of the water pentamer intermolecular vibrations and fine structure in liquid water (Liu et al., 1997 Harker et al., 2005). The water pentamer was found to average out... 

During the last ten years, reactive collisions Rg + X2 or Rg + Xf leading to the RgX excimer through the harpoon mechanism have been widely studied (Ishiwata et al. 1984 Johnson et al. 1986a,b, 1987 Le Calve et al. 1985 O Grady and Donovan 1985 Tamagake et al. 1979 Wilkinson et al. 1986 Yu et al. 1983). These systems and mainly the Xe + Cl2 or Br2 have been the first ones where the collision complex was excited in the gas phase by one photon (Dubbov et al. 1981 Grieneisen et al. 1983 Wilcomb and Burnham 1981) or two photons (Inoue et al. 1984 Ku et al. 1983 Setser and Ku 1985). The same two-photon excitation technique has been used for the excitation of the Xe-X2 van der Waals complexes (X2 = Cl2, Br2,12). These results can be then compared with the collisional ones. 

Tsaros, C.L., Arora, J.L. and Burnham, K.B., "A Study of the Conversion of Coal to Hydrogen, Methane, and Liquid Fuels for Aircraft, prepared for NASA under Contract No. NAS1-13620, June 1976. 

Atomistic simulations have also been performed on pyroxenes and pyroxenoids by Catlow et al. (1982) and predict the stable Mg end member to have the diopside structure and the stable Ca end member the wol-lastonite structure, as observed. However, only pair potentials were employed in this study, and Post and Burnham (1986) have found that diopside structures are poorly described within such a model. It would clearly be of interest to repeat the simulations using the three-body silicate potentials, which have yielded accurate Si-O-Si angles in quartz (Catlow et al., 1985). 

Burnham O. M., Rogers N. W., Pearson D. G., van calsteren P. W., and Hawkesworth C. J. (1998) The petrogenesis of the eastern Pyrenean peridotites an integrated study of their whole-rock geochemistry and Re-Os isotope composition. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 62, 2293-2310. 

The true features of the DOS will be invariant to the super-lattice cell size, the number of steps, step size and the BZ integration as we discussed in section 2. Reasonable sampling of the BZ requires a minimum of 512 molecules, with 20,000-40,000 steps of 0.1-1 fs, depending on whether a rigid or non-rigid potential is used. Bearing these factors in mind, Burnham et al [74] have studied a number of water potentials from the simple TIP4P, MCY to a sophisticated allatom polarisable potential [75] in an attempt to reproduce the INS spectrum. 

The authors would like to thank the Engineering and Physical Science Research Council (UK) for financial support and the Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory for the use of neutron facilities. We would also like to think Mr. C.J. Burnham and S.L. Dong for providing a number of graphics, which they produced as part of their Ph.D. studies. 

Slettevold, C. A. Biermann, A. H. Burnham, A. K. "A Surface-Area and Pore-Volume Study of Retorted Oil Shale," Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Rept. UCRL-52619, 1978. 

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