Buoyancy force equilibrium model

The equilibrium between these two effects causes mixed convection and stratified flow. The stratification interface oscillates and may induce severe damage to the neighbouring structures. Furthermore, the support structures at the bottom of the hot pool have to be protected from hot sodium. The behaviour of such a region has been studied, namely for SPXl [8.27] and EFR [8.19]. Studies were mainly conducted through scale model tests, because computations are not yet able to predict the fluctuation characteristics for such complex situations. As the main physical phenomenon of interest is the interaction between buoyancy forces (natural convection) and inertia forces (forced convection from the main pool... 

Many researches adopted one of the aforanentioned approaches and modified it to include various aspects of the pneumatic drying process. Andrieu and Bressat [16] presented a simple model for pneumatic drying of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), particles. Their model was based on elementary momentum, heat and mass transfer between the fluid and the particles. In order to simplify their model, they assumed that the flow is unidirectional, the relative velocity is a function of the buoyancy and drag forces, solid temperature is uniform and equal to the evaporation temperature, and that evaporation of free water occurs in a constant rate period. Based on their simplifying assumptions, six balance equations were written for six unknowns, namely, relative velocity, air humidity, solid moisture content, equilibrium humidity, and both solid and fluid temperatures. The model was then solved numerically, and satisfactory agreanent with their experimental results was obtained. A similar model was presented by Tanthapanichakoon and Srivotanai [24]. Their model was solved numerically and compared with their experimental data. Their comparison between the experimental data and their model predictions showed large scattering for the gas temperature and absolute humidity. However, their comparisons for the solid temperature and the water content were failed. 

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