Bungarus fasciatus

Cousin, X., Bon, S., Duval, N., Massoulie, J. and Bon, C. (1996) Cloning and expression of acetylcholinesterase from Bungarus fasciatus venom. Journal of Biological Chemistry 271, 15099-15108. 

Bungarus fasciatus IX, a kunitz-type chymotrypsin inhibitor... 

More than 60 double or triple mutants based on G117H were made (Schopfer et al, 2004), and certain mutants were eventually designed using the x-ray structure of human BChE (Nicolet et al, 2003). At the same time, mutants of human AChE and Bungarus fasciatus AChE were made on the same principle (Poyot et al, 2006). Unfortunately, none of these muteins was more active than the G117H mutants. Actually, there is evidence that mutations at position G117 cause dislocation and loss of functionality of the oxyanion hole (Masson et al, 2007). For a historical review of this quest, see Masson et al (2008). 

Poyot, T., Nachon, F., Froment, M.T., Loiodice, M., Wieseler, S., Schopfer, L.M., Lockridge, O., Masson, P. (2006). Mutant of Bungarus fasciatus acetylcholinesterase with low affinity and low hydrolase activity toward organophosphorus esters. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1764 1470-8. 

Common Name(s) Formosan Bungarus Fasciatus Krait... 

Jiang M-S, Fletcher JE, Smith LA. 1989. Factors influencing the hemolysis of human erythrocytes by cardiotoxins from naja naja kaiuthia and naja naja atra venoms and a phopholipase A2 with cardiotoxin-like activities from bungarus fasciatus venom. Toxicol 27(2) 247-257. 

Nicotinamide l,iV -ethenoadenine dinucleotide, prepared from NAD+ and chloroacetaldehyde, has been converted into 3-aminopyridine l,A -etheno-adenine dinucleotide (4) by a pyridine base exchange reaction which was catalysed by the venom of Bungarus fasciatus. Yeast alcohol dehydrogenase was... 

Low concentrations of carba-NAD have been demonstrated to inhibit the NAD glycohydrolase isolated from Bungarus fasciatus venom (11). The mechanism of inhibition was determined by Lineweaver-Burk analysis of the effect of fixed inhibitor concentration on the initial rate of the reaction (Fig. 4). The inhibition of the NAD glycohydrolase by mixtures of [1] and [7] was determined to be of the competitive type. Replots of the KmW versus inhibitor concentration (not shown) were linear, and a Ki of 74 pM determined. It is our expectation that the Ki for pme carba-NAD will be lower than this value. As it stands, the Ki for carba-NAD is close to the Km of NAD, which we determine to be 33 pM. 

Toxicity of 5 -nucleotidase isolated from Bungarus fasciatus venom has an LD50 value of greater than 50 pg/g in mice. Neurotoxin isolated from the same venom has a low LD50 value, 0.04 pg/g. Thus, the enzyme does not participate in the major lethal action of snake venoms. 

Liu, C. S., Hsiao, P. W., Chang, C.-S., Tzeng, M. C., and Lo, T. B. (1989a). Unusual amino acid sequence of fasciatoxin, a weak reversibly acting neurotoxin in the venom of the banded krait, Bungarus fasciatus. J, Biochem. Tokyo) 259 153-158. 

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